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atha dvitīyaṁ prakaraṇam

Parallel Devanagari Version: 
अथ द्वितीयं प्रकरणम् [1]

atha dvitīyaṁ prakaraṇam|

(śāstramāha) khaṇḍanasya trividhadoṣāpattiḥ| viparīnakhaṇḍanamasatkhaṇḍanaṁ viruddhakhaṇḍanañceti| yadi khaṇḍanametattrividhadoṣopetaṁ tadā nigrahasthānam|

[tatra] viparītakhaṇḍanam| yadi pratiṣṭhāpitaṁ khaṇḍanaṁ samyagarthena na saṁyuktaṁ syāttadā tadviparītakhaṇḍanamityucyate| viparītakhaṇḍanaṁ daśavidham| (1)sādharmyakhaṇḍanam (2) vaidharmyakhaṇḍanam (3) vikalpakhaṇḍanam (4) aviśeṣakhaṇḍanam (5) prāptyaprāptikhaṇḍanam (6) ahetukhaṇḍanam(7) upalabdhikhaṇḍanam (8) saṁśayakhaṇḍanam (9) anuktikhaṇḍanam (10) kāryabhedakhaṇḍanam|

1. [tatra] sādharmyakhaṇḍanam| vastusādharmyapratyavasthānaṁ sādharmyakhaṇḍanamityucyate|

(śāstramāha) śabdo'nityaḥ pratyanotpannatvādyathā ghaṭaḥ prayatnotpannaḥ| utpannaśca vinaṣṭaḥ| śabdo'pi tatheti śabdo 'nitya iti sthāpite prativādī prāha| yadi ghaṭasādharmyācchabdo'nityastadākāśasādharmyācchabdo nityaḥ syāt| tataścākāśavacchabdo nitya iti| [atra] sādharmyamamūrtatvam|

(śāstraṁ punarāha) śabdo 'nityaḥ prayatnotpannatvāt| yannityaṁ na tatprayatnenotpannaṁ yathākāśaṁ nityaṁ na prayatnenotpannam| śabdastu na tathā| tasmācchabdo 'nitya iti sthāpite prativādī prāha| yadi (śabdasya) nityākāśavaidharmyacchabdo'nitya iti, tadā kiṁ prāptam ?| yadyākāśasādharmyaṁ tato nitya eva śabda iti| sādharmyaṁ cāmūrtatvaṁ tasmānnityaḥ|

(śāstramāha) ete khaṇḍane viparīte'siddhe ca (khaṇḍane)| kuta iti cet| aikāntikaikarasadharmasthāpanaṁ hi heturiti manyate| sarvadharmāṇāṁ prayatnotpannatvenānityatāvarṇanāt| so'nityatāvarṇakaheturaikāntikaikarasastasmādanityatā'napasaraṇīyaiva| tatsāmānajātīyaṁ cikhyāpayiṣatayā ghaṭādyudāharaṇamuktam|

prativādī tvanaikāntikaikarasārthapratyavasthānena khaṇḍanaṁ bhāṣate yathā yadi bhavān sādharmyeṇa śabdasyānityatāṁ sthāpayati tadāhamapi vaidharmyeṇa śabdasya nityatāṁ pratiṣṭhāpayāmi| yadi ca bhavadarthaḥ siddho mamāpyarthaḥ siddho bhavediti|

(śāstramāha) bhavataḥ khaṇḍanamayuktam| kuta iti cet| bhavatprayuktasya hetoranaikāntikanityatvānityatvāvyāptivarṇanāt| asmābhistrilakṣaṇo hetuḥ sthāpitaḥ| tadyathā pakṣadharmmaḥ sapakṣasatvaṁ vipakṣavyāvṛttiśca| tasmādvetusiddhiranapasaraṇīyā| bhavaddhetustu na tathā tasmādbhavatkhaṇḍanaṁ viparītam| yadi bhavatā pratiṣṭhāpito heturasmaddhetutulyobhavettadā samyakkhaṇḍanaṁ sidhyeta| yadyanityatāpratijñā nityatāṁ khaṇḍayati tadā [nityatā-] khaṇḍanasiddhiḥ| kuta iti cet| nityatāsthāpakahetunānityatāsthāpakahetuḥ khaṇḍyate cet, tadānityatāviparyāsadoṣo vyaktīkartuṁ na śakyata iti prasiddham| nityatāhetoranaikāntikaikarasatvādanityatāhetoraikāntikaikarasatvācca|

2. vaidharmyakhaṇḍanam| vastuvaidharmyapratyavasthānaṁ vaidharmyakhaṇḍanamityucyate|

(śāstramāha) anityaḥ śabdaḥ| kasmāt ? kṛtakatvāt| yat kṛtakaṁ tadanityam| yathākāśaṁ nityamakṛtakatvāt| śabdasya tathātvābhāvācchabdo'nityaḥ|

prativādī prāha| yadi śabdo nityākāśavidharmyādanitya iti, tadā kiṁ prāptam| yadi ghaṭavaidharmyaṁ śabdasya, tadā sa nitya iti| tadvaidharmyamamūrtatvam| ghaṭo mūrtastasmādghaṭo'nityaḥ śabdastu nityaḥ|

(śāstramāha) śabdo'nityaḥ kṛtakatvāt| yathā ghaṭo'nityaḥ kṛtakatvāt, tathā śabdo'pi|

prativādī prāha| yadi ghaṭasādharmyācchabdasyānityatā bhavatā sthāpitā, tadā kiṁ prāptam ?| śabdo nitya eva ghaṭavaidharmyādvaidharmyamamūrtatvam| ghaṭastu mūrtaḥ|

(śāstramāha) viparīta ete khaṇḍane| kuta iti cet| asmatsthāpitānityatāhetoraikāntikaikarasatvāt| bhavatpratiṣṭhāpitanityatāhetostvanaikāntikaikarasatvānnityatvānityatvavyāptivarṇanāt| tasmādaniścitaheturaikāntikahetuṁ khaṇḍayituṁ na śaknoti| yo'smābhiḥ sthāpito hetuḥ kṛtakatvācchabdo'nitya iti tasya (hetoḥ) pakṣadharmmaḥ sapakṣasattvaṁ vipakṣavyāvṛttiśca| trayalakṣaṇasampannatvāt so'napasaraṇīyaḥ| yaḥ punarbhavatpratiṣṭhāpito hetuḥ śabdo nityo'mūrtatvāditi tasya pakṣadharmaḥ sapakṣe vipakṣe ca vartata ityasiddho hetuḥ|

3. vikalpakhaṇḍanam| sādharmye vaidharmyapratyavasthānaṁ vikalpakhaṇḍanamucyate|

(śāstramāha) śabdo'nityaḥ pratyatnenotpannatvādghaṭavaditi śabdasyānityatā|

prativādī prāha| bhavāñchabdasya prayatnenotpannatvādghaṭavatsādharmyaṁ sthāpayati| asti punastadvaidharmyam| pakkatvamapakvatvaṁ, cākṣuṣatvamacākṣuṣatvamityādi evaṁ ghaṭaśabdayoḥ pratyekaṁ viśeṣaḥ| śabdaḥ prayatnenotpannatvānnityaḥ ghaṭastu prayatnenotpanno'pyanityaḥ| tasmācchabdo nityaḥ|

viparītametatkhaṇḍanam| kuta iti cet| asmatsthāpitaheturanityatā'vyāvṛtto nityatāvyāvṛttaḥ| etaddhetusthāpanamanityatānumānārtham| yathāgnyanumānārthaṁ dhūmaḥ prayujyate| dhūmo hyagnyavyāvṛttaḥ| tasmādasmatsthāpitahetuḥ sidvo'napasaraṇīyaśca|

bhavatā śabdasyāpakva iti viśeṣaṇaṁ prayujyate| tataśca nitya iti| tadecchādveṣaduḥkhasukhavāyvādīnyapakvāni na punaretāni nityāni| tasmādapakvatvaṁ nityatāhetutvena na pratiṣṭhāpayitavyam| na cācākṣuṣatvamapi nityatāhetutvena pratiṣṭhāpayitavyam| kuta iti cet| icchadveṣaduḥkhasukhavāyvādīnyacākṣuṣāṇi na punarnityāni| bhavaddhetuḥ sapakṣe vipakṣe ca vartate tasmādasādhakaḥ| bhavaddheturmama (heto) stulyo matpratijñāyāśca khaṇḍanāsamartha iti cet| asmatsthāpanaṁ trividhahetusamāśritaṁ tasmādatulyam| yadatulyaṁ tulyamiti bhavatoktaṁ tasmādbhavataḥ khaṇḍanaṁ viparītam|

4. aviśeṣakhaṇḍanam| ekasādharmyakhyāpanātsarvasyāviśeṣeṇa pratyavasthānamaviśeṣakhaṇḍanamucyate|

śabdo'nityaḥ kāraṇabhedena śabdasya bhedāddīpavat| yadi vartikā mahatī jyotirmahat| yadi vartikā kṣudrā jyotirapi kṣudram, iti sthāpite| prativādī prāha yadi sādharmyādyathā ghaṭādyanityaṁ śabdo'pi tathā syāttadā sarvasya sarveṇāviśeṣaprasaṅgaḥ| kuta iti cet| sarvasya sarveṇa sādharmyāt| sādharmyaṁ kiṁ punaścet| sattaikatvaṁ prameyatvamityetat sādharmyamucyate| sadharmāṇyapi sarvāṇi vastūni viśeṣṭavastubhyo bhinnānīti cecchabdo'pi tathā| ghaṭādisadharmā'pi śabdo nityo ghaṭastvanityaḥ| kuta iti cet| sattvādisādharmye'pi svabhāvaviśeṣasambhavāt| yathā dīpaḥ śabdo manuṣyo'śva ityādi| iti sādharmyasamāśritamanumānamasiddham|

viparītametatkhaṇḍanaṁ kuta iti cet| sarveṣāṁ na mayā sattvādisādharmyaṁ pratiṣidvamapi tu teṣāṁ viśeṣa evāvadhāryate| sādharmyasampattitraividhyamanityatāṁ sthāpayati| taccāsmābhiranityatāsādhanāyocyate na tu sādharmyamātramupādīyate na khalvasti sā kā'pi yuktiryā naivaṁ vicāryate| kasmāditi cet| naikamapi vidyate tādṛśaṁ yadanyavastuno na sadṛśaṁ na ca viśiṣṭaṁ syāt| tasmādyadi sādharmyamasti tadā tatsapakṣavarti sarvavipakṣavyāvṛttam| yadi tadupādānena hetusthāpanaṁ, siddho hetureṣa| sādharmyamātreṇa hetupratiṣṭhāpanaṁ tvasiddhaṁ tasmādviparītam|

punaścānityaḥ śabdaḥ kṛtakatvādghaṭavat| tasmācchabdo'nityaḥ|

prativādī prāha| hetuḥ pratijñā cābhāvānna bhidyete| ko nāmārtho hetusamutpādasya| hetvasaṁyoge śabdasyānutpāda iti| anutpannatvādabhāva evetyetasyārthaḥ| kathaṁ nāma śabdo'nitya iti| anutpannaḥ śabda utpattimupalabhata utpanno vinaśyati| vināśāccābhāva evetyetasyārthaḥ| iti hetuḥ pratijñā cābhāvavat|

viparītametatkhaṇḍanam| kuta iti cet| asmatpratijñāyā abhāvaḥ pradhvaṁsābhāvātmakaḥ| asmatsthāpitahetorabhāvaḥ prāgabhāvaḥ| prāgabhāvaḥ sarvalokaprasiddhatvātsiddho'nityatāhetutvena sthāpitaḥ| pradhvaṁsābhāvaḥ sāṁkhyādyaprasidvatvādasiddhaḥ| artho hi siddhena hetunā sthāpyate|

yadi siddhā pratijñopādīyate 'siddhastu heturbhavataḥ khaṇḍanasya viparyāso'dhikataro bhavet| sarveṣāṁ vastūnāṁ pūrvamabhūtvā paścādabhāva iti mayoktam| tasmācchabdaḥ pūrvamasaṁścet paścādapyasan| yadi pūrvamasattvaṁ bhavato 'nanujñātaṁ tadaitadbhavatā cintyatām| yadi pūrvaṁ śabdaḥ sanneva na cāsti pratibandhastadā kasmācchrotreṇa nopalabhyate| tasmātpūrvamasattvaṁ nāgapadavaditi jñāyate| yadi kañcidviśiṣṭabuddhirabhimatamarthaṁ sādhayituṁ na śaknoti, iṣṭasādhanaṁ ca na yuktisampannaṁ so'rtho nirasanīyaḥ|

5. prāptyaprāptikhaṇḍanam| hetuḥ sādhyaṁ prāpnoti na vā ? | yadi tāvat sādhyaṁ prāpnoti tadāsādhakaḥ| atha hetuḥ sādhyaṁ na prāpnoti tadāpyasādhakaḥ| etatprāptyaprāptikhaṇḍanamucyate|

prativādī prāha| yadi hetuḥ sādhyaṁ prāpnoti tadā sādhyena saṁsargātsādhyaṁ na sādhayati| yathā nadīvāri samudravāripraviṣṭaṁ na punarnadīvāri, hetustadvadasādhakaḥ| yadi sādhyamasiddhaṁ, tadā heturaprāpakaḥ| yadi prāpakastadā kiṁ siddhasyārthasya hetunā| tasmāddheturasiddhaḥ| atha na prāpnoti tadā so'nyavastuvadasādhakaṁ, tasmaddheturasiddhaḥ| yadi heturaprāpakastadā'samarthaḥ| yathāgniraprāpya dahanāsamartho'siścāprāpya chedanāsamarthaḥ|

viparītametatkhaṇḍanaṁ| dvividho hetuḥ| utpattiheturvyañjanahetuśca| yadi bhavataḥ khaṇḍanamutpattihetusamāśritaṁ tadā siddhaṁ khaṇḍanam| yadi vyañjanahetusamāśritaṁ tadā viparītam| kasmāditi cet| uktaṁ mayā yaddhetuḥ sādhyaṁ notpādayatyapi tu parapratipādanārthaṁ sādhyaṁ vyanaktyavyāvṛttatvāt| sādhyasattve'pi sādhyasya yathārthajñānaṁ na jāyate| kuta iti cet| mohāt| tasmād vyañjanaheturityucyate| yathā rūpasattve'pi pradīpaprayojanaṁ tadvyañjanārthaṁ na tu tadutpattyartham| tasmādvyañjanahetāvutpattikhaṇḍanaṁ viparītakhaṇḍanam|

6. ahetukhaṇḍanaṁ| traikālye hetorasambhava ityahetukhaṇḍanamucyate|

prativādī prāha| kiṁ hetuḥ sādhyātpūrvaṁ paścādyugapadvā| yadi tāvaddhetuḥ prāk sādhyañca paścāttadāsati sādhye, hetuḥ kasya sādhakaḥ ?| atha paścāt, sādhyañca prāk, tadā siddhe sādhye kiṁ hetunā ?| atha yugapattadāhetuḥ| yathā yugapatsadbhāvāṅgoḥ śṛṅge dakṣiṇaṁ vāmaṁ vā parasparotpādake ityayuktam| tasmādyaugapadyañcettadā hetutvāsambhavaḥ|

viparītametatkhaṇḍanam| kuta iti cet| yatpūrvaṁ samutpannaṁ tadeva hetunā vyajyate yathā dīpaḥ vidyamānānyeva vastūni vyanakti na tvavidyamānāni vastūnyutpādayati| bhavān punarutpattihetunā me vyañjakahetuṁ khaṇḍayati tasmādviparītametatkhaṇḍanaṁ, na tu siddham|

atha manyase yadyeṣa heturvyañjakaheturbhavati jñānābhāve sa kasya hetuḥ| tasmād vyañjakaheturasiddha iti kṛte khaṇḍane, tadā prāptikriyā'sambhave heturnāma nopapadyate kriyāsadbhāve tu heturnāmopapadyate| yadā vyañjanakriyā tadaiva heturnāmopapadyate| taduktaṁ bhavati pūrvaṁ heturnāma nopapadyate paścāttu heturnāmopapadyate| yaccābhihitaṁ hetuḥ prāk kriyā tu paścāditi tadadoṣam| athaivaṁ sati, kriyāyā hetuto'nutpattiriti cedetat khaṇḍanamasiddham| kasmāditi cet| etatprāgeva [sad] vastu paścāddheturnāmopapadyate| vastuni vinaṣṭe paścāt kriyotpattiriti cet, tadaitatkhaṇḍanaṁ sidhyati na tvevamucyate, pūrvaṁ bhāve'pi [hetoriti] nāmānupapattiḥ paścāttu nāmopapattiḥ| tasmātphalasya hetuta utpattiḥ|

7. upalabdhikhaṇḍanam| viśiṣṭahetunānityatāvarṇanādeṣo'heturiti upalabdhikhaṇḍanamucyate|

prativādī prāha| yadi prayatna[ānantarīyaka]tvācchabdo 'nityastadā yatra prayatno na vidyate tatra nityatāprasaṅgaḥ| yathā vidyudvāyvādīnyaprayatna [ānantarīyaka]āṇyanityeṣu cāntarbhūtāni tasmādanityatve sādhye na prayatnamātraṁ samāśrayaṇīyaṁ prayatnasyāsādhanatvāt| sādhanañcedyatra yatra prayatno nāsti tatra tatra nityatāyāḥ sambhavaḥ| yathāgniṁ vinā na dhūmasthitiḥ| dhūmo'gneḥ saddheturdhūmāgnyoravyatirekāt| prayatnastu na tathā, tasmādasiddho hetuḥ| kiñca prayatno nānityatāsthāpanāsamarthaḥ| kuta iti cet| vyāptyabhāvāt| vyāptisambhave hyanityatāsthāpanopapattiḥ| vyāptyasambhave tvanityatāsthāpanānupapattiḥ| yathā kasyacitpratijñā syāt sarve taravo divyacetanā iti| kasmāditi cet| tarūṇāṁ nidrāsambhavācchirīṣavat| tatrāha khaṇḍayitā| tarūṇāṁ divyacetanāsiddhā| kasmāt ? hetorvyāptyabhāvāt| śirīṣa eva svapiti na tvapare taravaḥ| sa svapno na sarvāṁstarūn vyāpnoti tasmātsarveṣāṁ tarūṇāṁ divyacetanatvapratiṣṭhāpane svapno'samarthaḥ| prayatno'pi tathā sarveṣāmanityānāmavyāpakatvādanityatāsthāpane'samarthaḥ||

viparītametatkhaṇḍanam| mayaivaṁ noktam| naitaducyate mayā yatprayatnaḥ sarvānityatākhyāpane samartho heturanye tu hetavo 'samarthāḥ| yadyanyo'nityatākhyāpane samartho heturvidyate tadāhaṁ sukhī| asmadarthasiddheḥ| asmatsthāpito hetuḥ khyāpanasamarthaḥ, anyo 'pi hetuḥ khyāpanasamarthaḥ| tasmātpratijñā siddhā| yathā dhūmenāgniranumitaḥ| yadi kaścidvadetprabhayāgnirapi siddho 'smadarthe'pi tathāsambhavaḥ| prayatnotpattiranityatākhyāpanasamarthā| yadyanye 'pi hetavo 'nityatākhyāpanasamarthā, anityatāpi siddhā| tasmādviparītaṁ khaṇḍanaṁ bhavataḥ| asmanmatākhaṇḍanāt| yadyahaṁ bravīmi yadyadanityaṁ tattatsarvaṁ prayatnasamutpannamiti tadā prayatnotpattihetoravyāpitvādasiddhatvamiti bhavatā khaṇḍanaṁ vaktavyam| tadaitacca khaṇḍanaṁ viśiṣyate| yadāhaṁ bravīmi śabdābikamanityaṁ prayatnasamutpannatvāttadā yatsarvamanitya tatprayatnasamutpannamiti nocyate| tasmādviparītaṁ khaṇḍanaṁ bhavataḥ|

8. saṁśayakhaṇḍanam| vipakṣasādharmyātsaṁśayavādena khaṇḍanam|

anityaḥ śabdaḥ prayatnasamutpannatvāt| yadyatprayatnasamutpannaṁ tattadanityaṁ ghaṭavat| iti sthāpite prativādī prāha| yatsamutpannaṁ tatprayatena vyaktaṁ yathā mūlakīlakodakaṁ prayatnena vyaktaṁ na tu prayatnena samutpannam| śabdo'pi tathā| tasmātprayatnadvārā hetusthāpanamaniyatamanutpanna utpanne ca bhāvāt| tasmāt taṁ hetumāśritya śabde saṁśayotpattiḥ| kathaṁ ca śabdo'vadhāryate ? kiṁ ghatavadasamutpannaḥ samutpadyate mūlakīlodakavatsamutpanno vā vyajyate ? tasmadanaikāntikatā| tasmādutpattihetoḥ saṁśayotpādakatvādasādhakatvamiti jñeyam| kasmāt| utpādakatvād vyaktīkaraṇācca|

viparītametatkhaṇḍanam| kuta iti cet| noktamasmābhiryacchabdaḥ prayatnena vyaktaḥ| api tu yataḥ prayatnena samutpannastasmācchabdo 'nitya iti| punarbhavatā kiṁ khaṇḍyate| yadi (bhavato)cyate prayatnakāryaṁ dvividhamutpattirabhivyaktiśca| utpattirghaṭādivadabhivyaktirmūlakīlo dakādivat| śabdo 'pi prayatnakāryaḥ| tasmāttasmin nityatā'nityatāsaṁśayotpattiriti| tadayuktam| kuta iti cet| mūlakīlodakāderaprayatnakāryatvāt| mūlakīlodakābhivyaktiḥ prayatnakāryyeti cet| etadasmanmataṁ na khaṇḍayati| abhivyaktiranutpannā prayatnenotpatti labhate| tasmātprayatnakāryamekavidhaṁ sadaivanityatvāditi bhavatkhaṇḍanamayuktam|

atha manyase yatprayatna-[kāryaṁ] taddvidham| anityaṁ nityañca| ghaṭotpattiranityā ghaṭadhvaṁso nityaḥ| śabdo'pi tatheti| eṣa saṁśayo'yuktaḥ| kasmāt ? asiddhatvāt| yadi bhavato ghaṭadhvaṁsasya dhvaṁse sadbhāvastataḥ sadbhāvāddhvaṁsābhāvaḥ syāt| yadi dhvaṁse 'bhāvastadā dhvaṁso 'bhāva eva| kuta iti cet| bhāvābhāvāt| andhakāravat| andhakāre jyotiṣo'bhāvaḥ tasmādandhakāraḥ| dhvaṁso 'pi tathā| dhvaṁse bhāvābhāvaḥ tasmāddhvaṁsabhāva iti cet| tadayuktaṁ khapuṣpabandhyāputraśaśaviṣāṇeṣu bhāvābhāvātteṣāmapi sadbhāvaprasaṅgaḥ| yadi khapuṣpādīnāṁ sadbhāvo bhavatā nānujñāyate, tadā ghaṭadhvaṁsasyāpi tathātvam| tasmātsadbhāva iti na vaktavyam| tasmātprayatnakāryamekavidhaṁ sadaivānityatvāt| tasmādayukto bhavataḥ saṁśayaḥ| apratipattiścedbhavataḥ pratipādanārthamahaṁ vyañjanahetuṁ vadāmi| anityaḥ śabdaḥ| kasmāt| prāgvyavadhānābhāvātprayatnenotpattiniṣpattiḥ| tasmādanityaḥ śabdo ghaṭavaditi jñātam| yatprayatnenopalabhyate yacca prayatnena kriyate tadubhayaṁ bhinnamiti bhavatā pratiṣṭhāpitam| tadayuktam| ko'yamartho yatprayatnenopalabhyate tadanityamiti| kasmāt| yasmādanutpannaṁ samutpadyate samutpannañca vinaśyati| tasmānmūlakīlodakādestathāpyanityatāsambhavaḥ| yaccocyate yadabhivyaktaṁ nityamiti tasya kiṁ prayojanam|

9. anuktikhaṇḍanam| pūrvamanuktatvādanityatā'bhāva etadanuktikhaṇḍanam|

pratijñā pūrvavat| prativādī prāha| prayatna iti vacanaṁ śabdasyānityatāheturiti cettadā kiṁ prāpyate ? prayatna ityanukte tadā śabdo nityaḥ| etadeva prāpyate, pūrvakāle nitye sati kathamadhunānityaḥ syāt|

viparītametatkhaṇḍanam| kasmāt| asmābhiḥ sthāpito heturabhivyaktyartho notpattyartho na vā vināśārthaḥ| yadyasmatsthāpitasya hetorvināśaḥ syāttadā bhavatkhaṇḍanaṁ viśiṣyeta| yadā heturmayānuktastadā śabdasyānityatānabhivyakteti cedbhavatkhaṇḍanam| etatkhaṇḍanābhāsa eva| yadi vināśahetunā mām khaṇḍayati bhavān tadviparītakhaṇḍanaṁ syāt|

10. kāryabhedakhaṇḍanam-kāryyabhedād ghaṭavatacchabda iti na vaktavyam| etat kāryabhedakhaṇḍanamucyate|

anityaḥ śabdaḥ kṛtakatvād ghaṭavaditi sthāpite prativādī prāha ghaṭaśabdayoḥ kāryabhedaḥ| kāryabhedāt tulyānityatānupapattiḥ|

viparītametatkhaṇdanam| kasmāt ?| anitya śabdo ghaṭasamānakāryatvāditi noktaṁ mayā| api tu sarvāṇi vastūni tulyena nyāyena kṛtakatvād anityānītyevamuktam| na tu samānakāryāpekṣatvād ghaṭavacchabdo'nitya iti| dhūmo bhinno'pyagnivyañjakaḥ| ghaṭo'pi tathā śabdasyanityatāvyañjakaḥ|

anyacca paraṇoktaṁ kāryaviśeṣakhaṇḍanam| anyadasti yenocyate nityaḥ śabda ākāśasamāśritatvāt| ākāśo nityaḥ| yatkiñcidākāśasamāśritaṁ tannityam| yathā paramāṇoḥ pārimāṇḍalyam| paramāṇurnityaḥ pārimāṇḍalyañca paramāṇusamāśritaṁ, tasmātpārimāṇḍalyaṁ nityam| śabdo'pi tadvadākāśasamāśritatvānnityaḥ| anyacca| nityaḥ śabdaḥ| kasmāt| śrāvaṇatvāt| yathā śabdatvaṁ śravaṇagrāhyaṁ nityañca, tathā śabdo 'pi tasmānnityaḥ| etatpratijñāntaram|

vaiśeṣika āha| yadi nityaṁ hetunā sthāpyate, tato hetukriyatvādanityam| tasmācchabdo'nityaḥ|

viparītametatkhaṇḍanam| kasmāt ? na mayoktaṁ hetunā nityatotpanneti, api tu heturanityatāṁ vyanakti| parasyājñānātparasya pratipādanārthamasmatsthāpitaheturvyañjanaheturna tvutpattihetuḥ| bhavatkhaṇḍanamutpattihetoreva| tasmādviparītam|

kiñca pratijñākhaṇḍane bhavadukte na mayānujñāte| kuta iti cet| nāsmābhiranityateṣṭā pratītā vā| tasmādukto mayaiṣo 'rthaḥ|

etaddaśavidhaṁ viparītakhaṇḍanamucyate| viparyayeṇa taddoṣasthāpanāt| yadi khaṇḍanaṁ tattulyaṁ bhavettadā viparītakhaṇḍanāpattiḥ|

aparamasatkhaṇḍanam| mithyāvacanādasat| mithyāvacanaṁ tvayathārthamanarthakañca| etaducyate'satkhaṇḍanam| asatkhaṇḍanaṁ trividhamavarṇya(vyañjaka) khaṇḍanamarthāpatti(vyañjaka)khaṇḍanaṁ, pratidṛṣṭa(ārthavyañjaka)khaṇḍanañca|

1. avarṇya(vyañjaka)khaṇḍanam| pratyakṣaviṣaye yaddhetvanveṣaṇaṁ tadavarṇyakhaṇḍanamucyate|

anityaḥ śabdaḥ| kuta iti cet| kṛtrimatvādghaṭavaditi sthāpite prativādī prāha| asmābhirdṛṣṭaṁ yadghaṭaḥ kṛtrimaḥ| kena hetunā tadanityatānumīyate| yadi hetuṁ vinā ghaṭasya nityatā sthāpitā śabdo'pi nityetāhetumantareṇa nityo bhavet|

asattatkhaṇḍanam| kasmāt ?| yat[pūrvameva]pratītaṁ na tasya hetunā sādhanam| yadi pratīyate yadvaṭaḥ sahetuko'nityaśceti kimanityatāhetvanmveṣaṇena| tasmādasadetatkhaṇḍanam|

2. arthāpatti(vyañjaka)khaṇḍanam| vipakṣe'rthāpattiretadarthāpattikhaṇḍanam|

ātmā na vidyate| kuta iti cet| anabhivyaktatvādvandhyāputravaditi sthāpite prativādī prāha| tadetadarthādāpattiryadyabhivyaktaṁ sadanabhivyaktaṁ tvasaditi| athābhivyaktaṁ kadācitsatkadācidasa| anabhivyaktaṁ tadvat| alātacakramarīcigandharvanagaravat| tadabhivyaktam| tatsabhdāvasthāpanaṁ tvaśakyam| yadyabhivyaktasya sabhdāvasthāpanamaśakyaṁ tadānabhivyaktasyāsabhdāvapratiṣṭhāpanaṁ [sutarāma] śakyam|

asattatkhaṇḍanam| ko'sau nyāyo yenaitadarthādāpattirbhavet| yadanabhivyaktaṁ tadatyantamasaditi naitadarthādāpadyate| abhivyaktaṁ dvividhamanarthāpattirarthāpattiśca| yadi vṛṣṭirbhavati tadā meghenāpi bhavitavyam| meghe satyapi tu kadācidṛṣṭirbhavati kadācinna bhavatītyanaikāntikatā| dhūmenāgneranumānam| nātrārthādāpattiḥ| dhūme dṛṣṭe satyagniranumīyate dhūme tvasati agnerabhāvaḥ| anarthāpattiriyam| kasmāditi cet| taptāyaḥpiṇḍe lohitāṅgāre ca dhūmābhāve'pya'gneḥ sadbhāvaḥ| tasmādabhivyakteṣvarthāpattikhaṇḍanamabhūtam|

anyacca| rūpamevālātacakramarīcigandharvanagarāṇīti pratibhātīndriyabhramāccittaviparyāsena| tacca vartamāna eva sadanāgate tvasat| rūpamātramindriyabhramāccittaviparyāsena kadācit sad[vastīva] prakāśate| yaduktaṁ bhavatābhivyaktasya sattvamanaikāntikaṁ tadayuktam| kiñca bandhyāputradṛṣṭāntenāyamevārtho mayā niścīyate| yadabhivyaktisthānānna prabhraṁśate tadvastvabhāva eva| bandhyāutravat| yaccānabhivyaktisthānātprabhraṁśate naiṣo me dṛṣṭāntaḥ| aṇvākāśādiṣu tu kadācidabhivyaktiḥ kadācidanabhivyaktiḥ| bhavadarthāpattiḥ prati mayārthāpattiruktā| yadabhivyaktisthānādekāntena prabhraṁśate tadvastu sadeva | alātacakrādiṣu cakramevānaikāntikam| tacca cakrasyānaikāntikatā yat pravartanakāle sat, sthitikāle cāsat| tasmāt neyamarthāpattiḥ| anarthāpattāvarthāpattikhaṇḍanaṁ cedetat khaṇḍanamasat| punaranyathāpyarthāpattikhaṇḍanaṁ vadanti| yadi ghaṭasādharmyādanityaḥ śabda ityarthādāpannaṁ tadāsādharmyānnityaḥ| asādharmyaṁ yacchabdaḥ śravaṇagrāhyo 'mūrtaśca ghaṭastu cakṣurgrāhyo mūrtaśca| asādharmyācchabdo nityaḥ|

evaṁvidhakhaṇḍanaṁ sādharmyakhaṇḍanato 'rthāpattikhaṇḍanāviśeṣānna mayānujñātam|

3. pratidṛṣṭāntakhaṇḍanam| pratidṛṣṭāntabalāt sādhanam| etaducyate pratidṛṣṭānta (vyañjaka) khaṇḍanam|

anityaḥ śabdo'nityaghaṭasādharmyāditi cet| tadāhamapi tasya nityatāṁ vyaktīkaromi | yathā nityākāśasādharmyānnityaḥ śabdaḥ| yadi nityatāsādharmyānnityatā'prāptistadā'nityatāsādharmyātkathamanityatā|

asattatkhaṇḍanam| kuta iti cet| abhāvamātra vastvākāśamucyate| yadi sato nityavaṁ siddhastadā dṛṣṭāntaḥ sada khaṇḍanam| kintvatrāmato nityatā| ākāśamasadvastvera naitannityamanityaṁ vā vaktuṁ śakyate| asiddho dṛṣṭānta etasya khaṇḍanasya| adṛṣṭānte dṛṣṭāntatākalpanāt| tasmādasadetatkhaṇḍanam| yadi kaścinmanyate sadvastvevākāśo nityaśca| etadviparītakhaṇḍanaṁ natu satkhaṇḍanam| kasmāt ?| amūrtatvasyanaikāntikatvāt| ākāśo'mūrto nityaśca cittasukhaduḥkhecchādikantvamūrtamanityam| amūrtaḥ śabdaḥ kimākāśavannityo bhaveccittasukhādivadanityo vā| amūrtatvamanaikāntikatvādasiddho hetuḥ| tasmādviparītametkhaṇḍanam| aparaṁ ca sahetukatvācchabdo'nityaḥ| vastu sahetukañcet tadā'nityamiti jñeyaṁ ghaṭādivaditi sthāpite| prativādī prāha| asminnarthe saṁśayaḥ| kasmāditi cet| ghaṭotpādaḥ sahetuko'nityaḥ| ghaṭadhvaṁsastu sahetuko nityaḥ| śabdasya sahetukatvācchabde saṁśayotpattiḥ| sahetukaghaṭotpādavadanityaḥ sahetukaghaṭadhvaṁsavannityo vā|

asadetkhaṇḍanam| kasmāt ? yadyasaddravyaṁ nityamucyate daṇḍāghātavinaṣṭavastūnāmapi nityatāpattiḥ|

kiñca śabdo'nityaḥ| kutaḥ aindriyakatvāt| ghaṭādivaditi sthāpite| prativādī prāha| atrāpi saṁśayasambhavaḥ| yadyaindriyakaḥ sāmānyavattadā nityatāpattiḥ| yadi śabda aindriyakastadā sāmānyavannityaḥ| yadi sāmānyavanna nityo bhavet, tadā ghaṭadṛṣṭāntenānityo na bhavet|

asadetatkhaṇḍanam| kasmāt| yadi gavādisāmānyaṁ gavādivyatiriktaṁ syāttadā pṛthaktvena grāhyaṁ draṣṭavyañca sāmānyantu gavādivyatiriktaṁ pṛthaktvena gṛhyate na ca dṛśyate| tasmādanityamiti jñeyam|

anyacca| ātmā na vidyate | kuta iti cet| anabhivyaktatvāt| sarpaśravaṇavat| iti sthāpite prativādī prāha| samudrabinduparimāṇaṁ himālayagurutvañca madeva kintvanabhivyakte| ātmano'pi tathātvasambhavaḥ| sanneva kintvanabhivyaktaḥ| tasmādanabhivyaktiheturnātmābhāvaṁ sthāpayituṁ samarthaḥ|

saṅkhyāparimāṇasya sañcitādapṛthaktvam| tatparimeyasañcitamanukrameṇeyaditīyaditi ca pradarśyate| tatsaṅkhyāparimāṇaṁ smṛtidhāraṇārthaṁ, ekaṁ, daśa, sahasraṁ niyutamityādyucyate| samudrabinduparimāṇasya himālayagurutvasya cāpṛthaktvena satvābhāvāt| yadyaparakhaṇḍanaṁ tatkhaṇḍanasadṛśaṁ taddoṣasthāpanādasatkhaṇḍanamityucyate|

viruddhakhaṇḍanam| arthavisaṁvādakaṁ viruddhamityucyate, yathā prabhāndhakārau sthitigatī visaṁvādake| tadviruddhakhaṇḍanamityucyate|

viruddhakhaṇḍanaṁ trividham| anutpattikhaṇḍanaṁ, nityatākhaṇḍanaṁ, svārthaviruddhakhaṇḍanañca|

1. athānutpattikhaṇḍanam| prāgutpatteḥ prayatnanirapekṣatvānnitya ityanutpattikhaṇḍanam|

prativādī prāha| yadyanityaḥ śabdaḥ prayatna[ānantarīyaka]tvāttadā prāgutpatteraprayatna[ānantarīyaka]tvānnityaḥ|

viruddhaṁ tatkhaṇḍanam| kuta iti cet| utpatteḥ pūrvaṁ śabdo'sanneva| asaṁścet, kathaṁ nityaḥ| yadi kaścidvadedvandhyāputraḥ kṛṣṇo bandhyāputraḥ śveta iti tadapi siddham bhavet| yadyasannityatānupapattiḥ| yadi nityo'sattānupapattiḥ| asannityamiti svato viruddham| etadasatkhaṇḍaneṣvarthāpattisamam| kasmāt| asatkhaṇḍanāt| śabdo 'nityaḥ prayatna[ānantarīyakatvā]diti sthāpita etadarthādāpadyate| aprayatna[ānantarīya]katvānnitya iti tadasat| kutaḥ| prayatna[ānantarīya] kaṁ trividham, nityamanityamasacca| nityamākāśavat| anityaṁ vidyudādivat| asadākāśakusumāditiva| etatritayamaprayatna[ānantarīya] kaṁ bhavatā tvekena prakāreṇa nityamiti manyate| tasmādasat|

2. nityatākhaṇḍanam| nityamanityabhāvānnityaḥ śabdaḥ| etannityatākhaṇḍanamucyate|

prativādī prāha| anitye nityamanityatā, sarvadharmāṇāṁ svabhāvānirāsāt| anitye nityamanityatvabhāvānnityatā siddhā|

viruddhametat| kasmāt| yadyanityaṁ nityatālābhaḥ katham| yadi kaścidvadedandhakāre prabhāstīti tadvacanamapi siddhaṁ bhavet| tannaiveti cettato bhavatkhaṇḍanamapi viruddhamasacca| kasmāditi cet| anityateti pṛthagdharmo'nityena na sambaddhaḥ yo nityo mantavyaḥ| anityatā naiva pṛthagbhāvaḥ| yadyanutpannaṁ vastūtpattiṁ labhata utpannantu vinaśyati tato'nityamityucyate| anityamasaditi cedyadanityena nityaṁ śthāpitaṁ tasyāpyasattāprasaṅgaḥ|

3. svārthaviruddham| yadi parārthasvaṇḍane svārthahānistadā tatsvārthaviruddhakhaṇḍanamucyate|

anityaḥ śabdaḥ kṛtakatvādaṅkurādivaditi sthāpite| prativādī prāha| yadi heturanityatāṁ prāpnoti tadā'nityatātulyaḥ| yadyanityatāṁ na prāpnoti tadānityatāsādhanāsamarthaḥ| tasmādasiddho heturiti|

yadi tāvattava khaṇḍanaṁ matpratijñāṁ prāpnoti, matpratijñātulyatve'smadarthakhaṇḍanāsamartham| atha na matpratijñāṁ prāpnoti tathāpyasmadarthakhaṇḍanāsamartham| tasmādbhavatkhaṇḍane bhavadarthahāniḥ|

prativādī punarāha| yadi hetuḥ pūrvaṁ pratijñā tu paścāt, tadā pratijñā'bhāve sa kasya hetuḥ| atha pratijñā pūrvaṁ hetustu paścāttadā, siddhāyāṁ pratijñāyāṁ kiṁ hetunetyeṣo 'pyasiddho hetuḥ|

yadi bhavatkhaṇḍanaṁ pūrvamasmatpratijñā tu paścādasmadarthābhāve kiṁ bhavatā khaṇḍyate| yadyasmatpratijñā pūrvaṁ bhavatkhaṇḍanaṁ tu paścāttadāsmatpratijñāyāṁ sthāpitāyāṁ kiṁ bhavatkhaṇḍanena| bhavānasmatkhaṇḍanānujñānādasmatkhaṇḍanopādānena mā khaṇḍayatīti cettadayuktam| kasmāditi cet| mayā prakaṭitaṁ yadbhavatkhaṇḍanaṁ bhavadarthameva pratiṣedhati na tu bhavatkhaṇḍanamavalambyāsmadartho pratiṣṭhāpitaḥ| aparakhaṇḍane tatkhaṇḍanatulye sati taddoṣapratiṣṭhāpanaṁ viruddhakhaṇḍanamucyate|

samyakkhaṇḍanaṁ pañcavidham| iṣṭārthadūṣaṇam, aniṣṭārthavyaktiḥ, prasaṅgavyaktiḥ, viṣamārthavyaktiḥ, marvānyāyasiddhilābhavyaktiḥ|

prativādī prāha| astyātmā saṁghātasya parārthatvāt| yathā śayanāsanādisaṁghātaḥ parārthaḥ| cakṣurādīndriyasaṁghāto 'pi parārthaḥ| parastvātmā| tasmādastyātmeti jñātam|

nāstyātmā| kuta iti cet| ekāntānabhivyaktatvāt| yadekāntānabhivyaktaṁ tadasadeva| yathānīśvarapuruṣasya dvitīyo mūrdhā| dvitīyo mūrdhā rūpagandhādimūrdhākārato na pṛthak mantavyaḥ| tasmādasan| ātmano'pi tathātvasambhavaḥ| cakṣurādīndriyeṣu na hi sa pṛthagabhivyaktaḥ| tasmādasan| astyātmeti cettadayuktam| tadiṣṭadūṣaṇamucyate|

yadi punarbhavān vadati yadātmalakṣaṇamaviśeṣyaṁ, sa tu sanniti tadā dvitīyo mūrdhaviśeṣyo'pi sanneva bhavet| dvitīyo mūrdhā sanniti bhavatā cenna pratipādyate tadātmanyapi tathā pratipattavyam| iyamucyate 'niṣṭārthavyaktiḥ|

yadi bhavanmate ubhau tulyamevāviśeṣyau| nyāyāsamāśrayāccātmā sanna punardvitīyo mūrdhā| tadāhamapi nyāyāsamaśrayātsanneva dvitīyo mūrdhā na tvātmeti cedvadeyameṣo'rthaḥ sidvo bhavet| athāsmadartho na siddho bhavadartho'pi na sidva ityucyate prasaṅgavyaktiḥ|

anyacca| ātmā dvitīya iva mūrdhāviśeṣyaḥ na tvasanniti cettadā vaiṣamyadoṣo bhavanmūrdhyāpatet| yadi kaścidvadedvandhyāputraḥ sālaṅkāro bandhyāputro niralaṅkāra iti tadapi siddhaṁ bhavet| yadi kaścidevaṁ vadettadā vaiṣamyadoṣāpattiḥ| bhavato'pi tathātvasambhavaḥ| iyaṁ vaiṣamyadoṣavyaktiḥ| athocyate nyāyāsamāśrayānniyatamevāstyātmā, nyāyāsamāśrayānniyatameva nāsti dvitīyo mūrdheti siddhaṁ ca tadvacanamiti tadā mūrkhabālānyāyavacanānyapi sidhyeyuryathākāśo dṛśyaḥ, śītolo'gniḥ, grāhyoḥ vāyurityādi mūrkhavacanāninyāyāsamāśritānyapi bhavatsādhyavat siddhāni bhaveyuḥ| asiddhāni cedbhavadartho'pyevaṁ syāt| iyamucyate sarvānyāyasiddhilābhavyaktiḥ||

iti dvitīyaṁ prakaraṇam|

Technical Details
Text Version: 
Romanized
Input Personnel: 
DSBC Staff
Input Date: 
2007
Proof Reader: 
Miroj Shakya
Supplier: 
Nagarjuna Institute of Exact Methods
Sponsor: 
University of the West
Chapter: 
0

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Source URL: http://dsbc.uwest.edu/node/5098

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