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tarkaśāstram|
atha prathamaṁ prakaraṇam|
(śāstramāha) bhavān manyate'smadvacanamanyāyyamiti cedbhavato'pi vacanamanyāyyam| yadi bhavadvacanamanyāyyaṁ, tadāsmadvacanaṁ nyāyyam| yadi [bhavatocyate] bhavadvacanaṁ nyāyyaṁ, paramasmadvacanamanyāyyaṁ tanna yuktam| kiñca yadanyāyyaṁ tadetatsvato nyāyyaṁ, tasmād yadanyāyyaṁ tannāsti| yadi svato 'nyāyyaṁ tadetadanyāyyamasaccaiva, tasmādahamanyāyya[vādī] iti cedbhavatocyate tadayuktam|
anyacca| mama vacanamanyāyyamiti cedbhavatocyate, tato bhavānajña iti spaṣṭam| kuta iti cet| yadanyāyyaṁ tannirābhāsam| vacanaṁ nyāyābhāvādbhinnamabhinnaṁ vā ?| abhinnaṁ cedvacanamapi nāstīti mama vacanamanyāyyamiti bhavatā kathamucyate| atha bhinnaṁ, tato vacanaṁ nyāyyamiti mama vacanamanyāyyamiti kathaṁ bhavatocyate| vacanasvalakṣaṇakhaṇḍanācca| bhavatkhaṇḍanavacanamasmadvacanasya samakālīnamasamakālīnaṁ vā ? samakālīnaṁ cedasmadvacanakhaṇḍane'samarthaṁ, yathā gośṛṅge'śvakarṇau vā parasparaṁ khaṇḍayituṁ na śaknuvataḥ| samakālīnatvāt| asamakālīnañced, bhavataḥ khaṇḍanaṁ pūrvamasmadvacanaṁ paścāt| athāsmadvacanānuccāraṇāt, kiṁ bhavatā khaṇḍyate ?| tasmābhdavataḥ khaṇḍanamasidvam|
athāsmadvacanaṁ pūrvaṁ, bhavataḥ khaṇḍanaṁ tu paścād, evaṁ tarhyasmadvacanasidvatvāt kasya khaṇḍanaṁ bhaviṣyati ?| samakālīnañcet, tato'smadvacanaṁ bhavataśca khaṇḍanamityetayoretat khaṇḍanametacca khaṇḍanīyamiti viśeṣo na syāt| yathā nadīsamudravārisaṁyogakāle viśeṣāsambhavaḥ|
aparañca| bhavataḥ khaṇḍanaṁ svakhaṇḍanārthamasvakhaṇḍanārthaṁ vā ? svakhaṇḍanārthañcet, tataḥ svataḥ svārthahīnaṁ bhavedasmadvacananu siddham| asvakhaṇḍanārthañced, asiddham| kuta iti cet, svārthataḥ khaṇḍanāsidveḥ| siddhañcet, svārthahāniḥ parārthasidviśca|
kiñcāsmadvacanamanyāyyamiti ced, vacanameva na bhavet| vacanañcennaivānyāyyam| anyāyyamiti cet, tadvirudvam| yathā kumārī putravatīti| yato yadi kumārī putravatīti na sampadyate| yadi putravatī, tarhi naiva kumārī| kumārīti putravatīti cobhayaṁ virudvam| tasmānmama vacanamanyāyyamiti cedbhavatocyate tadayuktam| etatpunaḥ pratyakṣavirudvam| bhavānasmākaṁ vacanaṁ śrutvā'nyāyyaṁ manyate cet, tattarhi śrutatvātpratyakṣasiddham| pratyakṣaṁ hi balavattaraṁ tasmādbhavadvacanahāniḥ| yathā kaścinmanyeta śrotravijñānataḥ śabdasyānupalabdhiratha śrotravijñānataḥ śabdasyopalabdhiḥ pratyakṣasidveti, tadā pratyakṣasya balavattaratvāttadvacanahāniḥ|
anumānaviruddhaṁ caitat| mama vacanamanumānenopalabhyate cettato nyāyyamiti spaṣṭam| anyāyyaṁ hi vacanaṁ naiva vidyate| yadi vacanamasti tadā nyāyyamiti jñāyate| yathā kaścinmanyeta śabdo'nityo hetumattvāt| yacca hetumattadanityaṁ, yathā ghaṭaḥ| sa hetumattvādanityaḥ| yadi hetumāṁstadā'nityaḥ śabdo, yadi nityo naiva hetumān| ityanityatānumānasidvā| anumānabalānnityatahāniḥ| nyāyyamiti, yadvacanaṁ tannyāyyam| yannyāyyamityanumānasiddhaṁ, tadanyāyyamiti pratiṣidvam| lokavirudvaṁ caitat| yadbhavatoktaṁ mama vacanamanyāyyamiti tallokavirudvam| kasmāditi, loke hi caturvidhanyāyasatvāt| [tathā hi] hetuphalanyāyaḥ sāpekṣanyāyaḥ sādhananyāyastathatānyāyaśca|
hetuphalanyāyaḥ| yathā bījamaṅkuraśca|
sāpekṣanyāyaḥ| yathā dīrghaṁ hrasvaṁ, pitā putraḥ| sādhananyāyaḥ| yathā pañcāvayavavākyaṁ sādhanārtham| tathatānyāyastrividhaḥ| yathā'nātmatathatā'nityatātathatā nirodhatathatā ca| iha loke vacanaṁ phalaṁ, nyāyo heturiti| iha loke yadā phalaṁ dṛṣṭaṁ tadā sahetukaṁ jñātam| yadā vacanamupalabdhaṁ, tadā nyāyyaṁ jñātam| yanmama vacanamanyāyyamiti bhavatoktaṁ tallokavirudvam| anyāyyaṁ vacanamityasya nāstyavakāśaḥ|
yad bhavatoktaṁ mama vacanamanyahisaṁvāditvāditi tadidamidānīṁ bhavatā sārdhaṁ vicārya nirdhāryate| yadi kaścidanyadvadettadā tasya doṣaḥ syat| bhidyate bhavataḥ pratijñā'smatpratijñātaḥ| atha tadbhavataḥ svoktam| tadānyaduktam| tasmādbhavāneva doṣamāpadyate| yadi bhavadartho 'smaduktādanyastadānyatvadoṣo bhavata eva na tu mama| yadi nānyat, tarhi matpakṣatulyameva, tena nāstyanyatvam| athocyate mamānyaditi tanmithyā| anyaccānyasmānnānyadityananyatvam| yadyanyadanyasmādanyat, tato'nyanna bhavet| yathā manuṣyo goranyo na gaurbhavati, yadyanyadanyasmādanyat, tadā tadekaṁ bhavet| yadyekaṁ tato nānyat, tatkimucyate mamānyaditi| ataścaitanyāyyamiti| ahaṁ nyāyamavalambya bhavatā vivade| tasmādanyathāhaṁ vadāmi| yadyāvayorbheda eva na syānna tadā bhavatā vivādo'haṁ tu bhavadarthameva vadāmi|
sarvamuktamanyaditi ced, bhavatāpi kiñciduktamiti bhavānapyanyadvadatīti doṣo bhavata eva| yadi bhavato vākyaṁ nānyat, tarhi mamāpi vacanaṁ nānyaditi yad bhavatoktamahamanyadvadāmīti tadayuktam| atha bhavadvacanaṁ mithyaiva| śeṣaṁ pūrvavat| yad (bhavato)ktaṁ mama vacanamasiddhamiti tadidānīṁ (bhavatā sārdhaṁ) vicārya nirdhāryate| yadi vacanamasiddhaṁ, tadā tadeva vacanamasiddham| yadi vacanasyāsiddhatvaṁ, tadā vacanameva na prāptam| atha vacanaṁ na prāptaṁ, kathaṁ bhavatocyate mayā yaduktaṁ tadasiddhamiti| atha vacanaṁ prāptaṁ tatsidvameva syāt| yadi maduktamasiddhamiti bhavatocyate tadayuktam| yadi sarvaṁ vacanamasiddha, tarhi bhavaduktaṁ mama khaṇdanamapyasiddham| yadi bhavaduktaṁ khaṇḍanamasiddhaṁ na syāt, tarhi mama vacanamapi naivāsiddham| yadi (bhavato)cyate maduktamasiddhaṁ tadayuktam| yadasiddhaṁ tatsvata eva siddham| tasmānnāstyasiddham| yadyasiddha na svataḥ siddhaṁ, tadāsiddhaṁ na syāt| yadi siddhaṁ, nāstyasiddhaṁ, tato yad (bhavato)ktaṁ maduktamasiddhamiti tanniravakāśam| yadi bhavatocyate mama khaṇḍanamananubhāṣaṇameva tadā na mama matasyopalabdhi|
atha nopalabhyate mama mataṁ, tato mama khaṇḍanaṁ kartuṁ na śakyate| tadidānīṁ (bhavatā sārdhaṁ)vicārya nirdhāryate| yadi bhavān matkhaṇḍanaṁ nānubhāṣate, tadā bhavān khaṇḍanaṁ vaktuṁ na śaknoti| kiṁ punarmanyate bhavān khaṇḍanamananubhāṣya khaṇḍanaṁ śakyaṁ, athavā khaṇḍanamanubhāṣya khaṇḍanaṁ śakyam| yadi tāvad (bhavān) ananubhāṣya (khaṇḍanaṁ vaktuṁ śaknoti), ahamapyananubhāṣya khaṇḍanaṁ vaktuṁ śaknuyām| athavā khaṇḍanamanubhāṣya khaṇḍanaṁ vaktuṁ śakyaṁ, tadā sadaiva khaṇḍanānubhāṣaṇam syāt| kutaḥ ? khaṇḍanātpunaḥ khaṇḍanasyotpannatvāt| tadā khaṇḍanānavasthā| na ca sa kālo vidyate yatra na khaṇḍanānubhāṣaṇam| [ataḥ] yatra khaṇḍanaṁ vaktuṁ śakyate sa kālo nāsti|
aparañca khaṇḍanamiti khaṇḍanānnāma| yadi tatkhaṇḍanānubhāṣaṇānnāma khaṇḍanamiti vaktuṁ śakyate, ananubhāṣya tu khaṇḍanamiti vaktuṁ ja śakyate| tataḥ pūrvakhaṇḍanasya nāma paścādanubhāṣaṇaṁ prāptam| paravartikhaṇḍanaṁ nāma na tāvadanubhāṣaṇaṁ prāpnoti| tṛtīyantu dvitīyasya khaṇḍanasya nāmānubhāṣaṇaṁ prāptam| caturthaṁ tṛtīyasya khaṇḍanasya nāmānubhāṣaṇaṁ prāptam| iti sadānubhāṣaṇādanavasthā| ananubhāṣya khaṇḍanaṁ nāma vaktuṁ śakyamiti ced, ananubhāṣyāpi tataḥ prathamaṁ khaṇḍanaṁ nāma vaktuṁ śakyam| prathamaṁ khaṇḍanam nāmānanubhāṣya khaṇḍanaṁ nāma vaktuṁ śakyamiti cet, dvitīyamapi khaṇḍanaṁ nāmānanubhāṣya khaṇḍanaṁ nāma vaktuṁ śakyate| dvitīyaṁ khaṇḍanaṁ nāmānanubhāṣya khaṇḍanamiti vaktuṁ śakyata iti cet, prathamaṁ khaṇḍanaṁ nāmāpyananubhāṣya khaṇḍanaṁ nāma vaktuṁ śakyeta| kintu prathamaṁ khaṇḍanaṁ nāmāvaśyamanubhāṣyam| tasmātkhaṇḍanaṁ nāma vaktuṁ śakyate| atha dvitīyaṁ khaṇḍanaṁ nāmāpyavaśyamanubhāṣyaṁ, tadā khaṇḍanaṁ nāma vaktuaṁ śakyate natvananubhāṣya vaktavyam|
yadi punaḥ khaṇḍanamananubhāṣya vadet, khaṇḍanasya nigrahasthānāpattiḥ| yadi bhavān svakhaṇḍanaṁ nānubhāṣate, tato bhavaduktakhaṇḍanasya nigrahasthānāpattiḥ| yadi bhavān khaṇḍanamananubhāṣya khaṇḍanaṁ vadet, khaṇḍanaṁ vadaṁśca nigrahasthāne na patet, tadāhamapi khaṇḍanamananubhāṣya khaṇḍanaṁ vadanna nigrāhyaḥ| kiñca yadā bhavadvacanaṁ mama[mataṁ] khaṇḍayati, tadā'hamanubhāṣe| yadā tvahaṁ bhavanmataṁ khaṇḍayāmi tadā bhavānapyanubhāṣate| atha parasparānubhāṣaṇaṁ, na tadā khaṇḍanapratiṣṭhāpanam| yadi parasparānubhāṣaṇaṁ, tadā samyagarthahāniḥ| yathā potāvanyonyasambadvau samudravelāsamaye parasparasaṁgharṣeṇa dolāyamānau|
aparañca| sarve śabdā yadā mukhānnirgatāstadā naṣṭā eveti kathaṁ madvacanānubhāṣaṇam ?| atha śabdo vināśadharmā| apunarāgamanātpunarbhāṣaṇamaśakyam| atha śabdaḥ sthitiśīlastadānubhāṣaṇamaśakyaṁ, nityatvāt| naṣṭa iti cen, na kiñcidanubhāṣitavyaṁ tadabhāvāt| śabdo naṣṭa iti cet, tvadanubhāṣaṇāyaitanme vacanamiti yadbhavān bravīti sa kutarka eva|
yad(bhavato)ktaṁ madvacanaṁ pūrva, [bhavata] khaṇḍanaṁ tu paścāditi tadidānīṁ (bhavatā sārdhaṁ) vicārya nirdhāryate| yadi madvacanaṁ pūrvaṁ, khaṇḍanantu paścāditi tanyāyyam| kuta iti cen, madvacanaṁ pūrvaṁ bhavadvacanaṁ tu paścāditi| yadyasmadvacanaṁ paravartivacanaṁ khaṇḍayati, tato'smadartho viśiṣyate bhavadvacanasya tu hāniḥ| kiñca yadyucyate bhavatā sarvāṇi vacanāni pūrvavartīni khaṇḍanantu paravartīti, tadā bhavānapi pūrvameva vacanaṁ vadatīti paścātkhaṇḍanaṁ bhavet| yadi bhavadvacanasya pūrvavartitve'pi paścātkhaṇḍanaṁ nāsti, tarhi madvacanasya pūrvavartitve'pi, paścātkhaṇḍanaṁ na syāt| yacca khaṇḍanaṁ pūrvasya paravartīti svabhāvataḥ pūrvasya khaṇḍanaṁ na paścādasti| yadi svabhāvata eva pūrvasya khaṇḍanaṁ paścāt syāt, tadā pūrvaṁ paścādityubhe na syātām| tasmādyadbhavatoktaṁ pūrvasya khaṇḍanaṁ parabhāvīti tadayuktam| yadi svabhāvataḥ pūrvasya khaṇḍanaṁ na paścāt| hetvabhāvāt| tadā pūrvasyāpi khaṇḍanaṁ parabhāvi na bhavet| yadbhavatoktaṁ madvacanaṁ pūrvaṁ, khaṇḍanaṁ tu parabhāvi tanmithyā|
yadabhihitaṁ bhavatā, mayā hetvantaramuktamiti tadidānīṁ (bhavatā sārdhaṁ) vicārya nirdhāryate| yadi pūrvahetuṁ parityajya hetvantarapratiṣṭhāpanānnigrahasthānamāpadyate, tadā bhavān nigrahasthānamāpannaḥ| kathamiti ced, bhavatā pūrvahetuṁ parityajya hetvantarapratiṣṭhāpanāt| yadi hetvantarapratiṣṭhāpanādbhavato na nigrahasthānatvāpattistadā mamāpi tathā| kiñca maduktahetuto bhavaduktahetorbhedaḥ| yadyanyaṁ hetuṁ vadāmi tanmama nyāyyam| yadyanyaṁ hetuṁ na vadeyaṁ, tato bhavaddhetuṁ vadeyam| tato na pratipakṣatayā virodho'pi tvāvayostulyavacanataiva| yadi sadṛśa eva heturāvābhyāṁ pratiṣṭhāpitaḥ, tadā bhavānasmaddhetuṁ khaṇḍayatīti svahetumeva khaṇḍayati|
api ca yadi sarvāṇi vacanāni hetvantarāṇi syustadābhavaduktāni vacanānyapi hetvantarāṇi bhaveyuḥ| tataśca bhavato nigrahasthānāpattiḥ| atha vacanānyuccārayannapi na bhavān nigrāhyastarhi yadbhavatoktaṁ hetuṁ pratiṣṭhāpayannahaṁ nigrāhya iti tadayuktam|
yadbhavatoktamarthāntaraṁ vadāmīti tadidānīṁ (bhavatā sārdhaṁ) vicāryaṁ nirdhāryate| anyā me pratijñā, anyā ca bhavata iti yattannyāyyameva| athāhaṁ bhavataḥ pratipakṣatayā virodhītyarthāntaraṁ bravīmi| yadi matamasmadartho bhavadarthādananyastadā'smadartho bhavadarthapratipakṣatayā na virudvo| yadi bhavānasmadarthaṁ khaṇḍayati, tarhi bhavataḥ svārthasyaiva khaṇḍanaṁ bhavet| yadarthāntaraṁ na tatsvayamarthāntarama| tasmānnāstyarthāntaram| yadi tvarthāntaraṁ svayamevārthāntaraṁ, na tadārthāntaram| tasmādyadbhavatoktamahamarthāntaraṁ vadāmīti na yuktam| aparañca yaduktaṁ sarvaṁ tadarthāntarañcettadā bhavaduktamapyarthāntaraṁ bhavet| yadi bhavaduktamarthāntaraṁ na bhavettadā yadbhavatā pratijñātaṁ sarvamarthāntaramiti tadayuktam|
yad (bhavato)ktamahaṁ pūrvacanādananyadvacanaṁ vadāmīti tadidānīṁ (bhavatā sārdhaṁ) vicārya nirdhāryate| asmatpratijñā bhavatpratijñāyāḥ pratipakṣabhāvena viruddhā| yadasmatpratijñā bhavatpratijñāyāḥ pratipakṣabhāvena virudvā, tannyāyyam| kuta iti cet| sarvatrāhaṁ bhavadarthakhaṇḍanārthaṁ vadāmi, tasmādasmadvacanamananyat| yadi mayārthāntaramuktaṁ, tarhi bhavatpratijñā'smadarthādanyā| yadyahamarthāntaraṁ vadāmi tadā bhavadarthaṁ vadāmi| evantāvannāhaṁ bhavadviruddo| tataśca yadi bhavān māṁ khaṇḍayati, tarhi svārthasyaiva khaṇḍanam|
anyacca| yathā mayā pūrvamuktamanityaḥ śabda iti| etāni vacanāni vināśasvabhāvāni kṣayasvabhāvāni ca| idānīmanyadvacanamuccaryate| tataśca yadbhavatoktaṁ bhavān pūrvavacanaṁ vadatīti tanmithyā|
aparañca| yadbhavatoktaṁ maduktamananyaditi| tatra yadyahamanyadvadāmi tadā tadanyayat| yadyahamananyadvadāmi tadananyat| yadyahaṁ tadvadaṁstanna sādhayituṁ śaknomi, tadā yadbhavatoktamananyaditi tadyuktam| yacca (bhavato)ktaṁ mayā sarvamuktaṁ nānujñāyata iti tadidānīṁ (bhavatā sārdhaṁ) vicārya nirdhāryate| sarvaṁ nānujñāyata iti yaduktaṁ bhavatā etadvacanaṁ sarvasminnantarbhavati na vā ?| yadi tāvatsarvasminnantarbhavati tadā bhavān svayaṁ svoktaṁ nānujānāti| yadi svayaṁ nānujānātyasmadarthaḥ svata eva siddho bhavedbhavavacanasya tu hāniḥ syāt| atha sarvasminnāntarbhavati tadā tasya sarvatvameva na syāt| yadi sarvatvameva na bhavet, tadā bhavatā yadananujñātaṁ tatsarvam| yadi sarvamananujñātaṁ tadā'smadartho bhavatā naivānanujñātaḥ| asmadarthaḥ siddho bhavatastu sarvasya pratiṣedhaḥ|
iti prathamaṁ prakaraṇam|
Links:
[1] http://dsbc.uwest.edu/node/5100