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hetoḥ sāmānyanirūpaṇam

Parallel Devanagari Version: 
हेतोः सामान्यनिरूपणम् [1]

śrīmadarcaṭaviracitā

|| hetubinduṭīkā||

|ṁamaḥ sarvajñāya||

[jinamanaskāreṇa maṅgalam|]

yaḥ sañjātamahākṛpo vyasaninaṁ trātuṁ samagraṁ janam,
puṇyajñānamayaṁ pracitya vipulaṁ hetuṁ vidhūtaśramaḥ|
kṛtsnajñeyavisarppi[nirmalataraprajñoda]yādriṁ śrito
loke hārddatamopaho jinaravirmūrdhnā namasyāmi tam||1||

[dharmakīrtivacasāṁ sarasatamatvakhyāpanam|]
varaṁ hi dhārmmakīrtteṣu carvviteṣvapi carvvaṇam|
niṣpīḍitā'pi mṛdvī[kā nanu svādaṁ jahā]ti kim ?||2||

[svalāghavaṁ prakhyāpya granthavivaraṇapratijñā|]
nyāyamārggatulārūḍhaṁ jagadekatra yanmatiḥ|
jayet tasya kva gambhīrā giro'haṁ jaḍadhīḥ kva ca ?||3||
tathāpi mandamatayaḥ santi matto['pi kecana|
teṣāṁ kṛte] mayāpyeṣa hetubindurvvibhajyate||4||

[ādivākyasya prayojanaprakaṭanam|]
“parokṣe”- tyādinā prakaraṇārambhe prayojanamāha|
tacca śrotṛjanapravṛttyartham iti kecit|
taduktam[m-

“sarvasyaiva hi śā]strasya karmaṇo vā'pi kasyacit|
yāvat prayojanaṁ noktaṁ tāvat tat kena gṛhyatām||”

iti| tadayuktam| yato'sya prakaraṇasyedaṁ prayojanamiti [pradarśane prayo] janaviśeṣaṁ prati upāyatāṁ prakaraṇasya niścityānupāye pravṛttyasambhavāt prekṣāvatāṁ tadarthitayā pra[karaṇaśravaṇādau pravṛttiḥ] syāditi tadabhidhānasyārthavattā varṇyate| na caitad yuktam| yataḥ prekṣāvatāṁ pravṛttiḥ prayojanārthināṁ tadupāye tabhdāvaniścayāt| yathā kṛṣīva[lādīnāṁ sasyā]dyupāye bījādāva'bījādivivekenā'vadhṛtabījādibhāvānām| anyathā hyaniścitopāyānāmupeyārthināṁ pravṛttau prekṣāvattaiva hīyeta| upeye tu [pramā]ṇavyāpārāsambhavādaniścaye'pi vivecitopāyāḥ pratibandhavaikalyayorasambhave ‘yogyametadvivakṣitaṁ kāryaṁ niṣpādayitum’ iti saṁ[bhāvanayā pravṛttau] prekṣāvattāto na hīyeran|

niścayaśca pramāṇādeva| na ca prayojanavākyasya prāmāṇyamasti, śābdānāṁ bahirarthe pratibandhābhāvāt| vivakṣāyāṁ [tasya prāmāṇye'pi yathā] vastupravṛttiniyamābhāvāt na tataḥ prakaraṇasya prayojanavise(śe)ṣaṁ prati upāyatāniścayaḥ samasti| na hi ye yathā yamarthaṁ vivakṣanti te tathaiva tamanu[tiṣṭhanti vi]saṁvādanābhiprāyāṇāmanyathā'bhidhāyānyathāpravṛttidarśanālloke sarvvatrānāśvāsāt|

prayojanaviśeṣopanyāsāt prakaraṇasya tadupāyatā[viṣaye saṁśayaḥ ja]nyate tatastabhdāvanirdhāraṇāya kṛṣīvalāderiva bījādyavadhṛtaye pravṛttiryukteti cet; na, prayojanaviśeṣopāyatāsaṁśayasya tadabhidhā[nāt prāgapi] bhāvāt| tatsādhakabādhakapramāṇābhāve tasya nyāyaprāptatvāt| anumānādivyutpattyarthānāṁ ca prakaraṇānāṁ darśanāt kimasyānumā[navyutpādanaṁ pra]yojanamanyaddhā, na vā kiñcidapītyevaṁrūpaśca saṁśayaḥ prāk pravarttamānaḥ kena nivāryeta| api ca kimidaṁ niṣprayojanam, uta prayojana[vat, athāsmadabhima]tena vā prayojanena tadvaditi jijñāsoḥ pravṛttisambhave vyartha eva prayojanavākyopanyāsaḥ|

tasmād ‘yat prayojanarahitaṁ vākyam, tadartho vā, na tat prekṣāvatā''rabhyate kartuṁ pratipādayituṁ vā| tadyathā daśadāḍimādivākyaṁ kākadanta[parīkṣā ca| niṣprayojanaṁ cedaṁ] prakaraṇaṁ tadartho vā’ iti vyāpakānupalabdhyā pratyavatiṣṭhamānasya tadasiddhatobhdāvanārthamādau prayojanavākyopanyāsaḥ|

[prakaraṇatadabhidheyayoḥ prayojanacintā|]
tatra “tadyutpādanārtham” iti vākyena svayamasya prakaraṇasya prayojanamāha| yathāsvamabhidheyapratītirhi vākyasya prayojanam| taccehāsti padānāmavāntaravākyānāṁ ca parasparasaṁsargāt samāsārthapratīteḥ| tathā hi-anumānamatra prakaraṇe vyutpādyata iti tad abhidheyam| tasyaiva tacchabdena sambandhāt| yadyapi parokṣārthapratipattau gu[ṇabhūtamanu]mānaṁ tathāpi vakturabhiprāyānuvidhāyitayā śabdavṛtteḥ tacchabdena parāmṛśyate| anyathā pradhānasaṁsparso(rśo)pi kathaṁ syāt ?| śabdānāṁ sva[bhāvataḥ] sambaddhā(ndhā)yogāt| “pakṣadharmma” ityādinā cānumānasyaiva vyutpādanāt| tasya vyutpatti [raviparītasvarū] papratītirasya prakaraṇasya prayojanam, tatsādhyatvāt| ata eva cānumānavyutpattiviṣayaṁ prakaraṇa[vyāpāraṁ pratipāda]yituṁ ṇicā nirdiśati-“tadvayutpādanārtham” iti| tataśca prakaraṇaprayojanayoḥ sādhyasādhanalakṣaṇaḥ sambandho'pyukto bhavati| yadyapi śabdavṛttenā[numānavyutpattivi]ṣayasya prakaraṇavyāpārasya prādhānyaṁ tathāpi vastuvṛttena vyutpattereva pradhānatā tasyāstatsādhyatvāt| itarasya ca tadupāyatvenāpradhānatvāt| tasmādanumānavyutpatti reva prayojanatayā pratīyate na prakaraṇavyāpāra iti|

“parokṣārthaprati[patteḥ amumānāśraya]tvāt” ityanena tu prakaraṇārthasyānumānalakṣaṇasya prayojanamāha| na hi vākyasya svārthapratītilakṣaṇaṁ phalamastītyetā[vataiva prekṣāvān prava]rttate'pi tu tadabhidheyārthasya puruṣārthopayogitve sati| taccehāsti yataḥ parokṣārthasya yā pratipattiḥ-niścayaḥ-tasyā anumā[naṁ-trirūpaliṅgam] kāraṇe kāryopacārāt| ananyopāyasādhyatāṁ darśayituṁ paramatanirāsārtham āśrayaḥ-kāraṇam, anumānamāśrayo yasyeti sāmānyena vigṛhya| [tadanu ca] kasyānumānāśrayatvāditi viśeṣāpekṣāyām-yadyapi parokṣārthapratipattiśabdasambandhe strītvaṁ gamyate tathāpi tat padasaṁskāravelāyāṁ buddhyasaṁnihitatvāt bahiraṅgamiti na strīpratyayanimittaṁ yathā bhūtamiyaṁ brāhmaṇī, āvapanamiyamuṣṭriketi|

[sarvaparokṣapratīterliṅgajatvādevānumānatvasūcanam|]
anena ca sarvvā parokṣā[rtha]pratipattiḥ pramāṇabhūtā, anyasmāt tatpratipattyayogāt, trirūpaliṅgāśrayaivetyuktaṁ bhavati anumānāśrayatvādeveti avadhāraṇāt| [tataśca śabdādī]nāṁ sati prāmāṇye'numānatā, anyathā teṣāmapi vyutpādyatāprasaṅgo nimittasya samānatvāt|

tathā hi-sarvvā parokṣārthapratipattiḥ pra[māṇabhūtā], na svatantrā bhavati| tasyāḥ svārthapratibandhābhāvena niyamena tatsaṁvādāyogāt| avisaṁvādalakṣaṇatvācca pramāṇasya| anyato'pi [yadi syā]t sarvvataḥ sarvvapratipattiprasaṅgāt dharmyasambandhe'pi sarvvatra pratītiṁ janayet, pratyāsattiviprakarṣābhāvāt| evambhūtaśca trirūpa[liṅgamevārtho bhava]tīti sarvvā parokṣārthapratipattistrirūpaliṅgajatvenānumānāt na bhidyata iti| eṣa cārthaḥ “pakṣadharmmastadaṁśena vyāpto hetuḥ”, kasya ?, parokṣā[rthapratipatte]riti prakṛtena saṁbandhād darśitaḥ, pakṣadharma eva tadaṁśena vyāpta eva ca parokṣārthapratipatterheturityavadhāraṇāt|

[svalakṣaṇasyaiva vastutvaṁ na sāmānyasyeti sthāpanam]
arthagrahaṇaṁ tu parokṣārthapratipatteritya[numā]nasyāpi svalakṣaṇaviṣayaṁ prāmāṇyaṁ darśayitum| arthakriyāsamartho hyarthaḥ, svalakṣaṇaṁ caivamātmakam| ata eva-“vastvadhiṣṭhānatvāt pramāṇavyavasthāyāḥ”-[iti va]kṣyati| anyathā'numānāt tatra pravṛttirnna syādarthakriyārthinaḥ|

sāmānyasyāvastutve'pi jñānamātralakṣaṇatvāt tadarthakriyāyāḥ tasyāśca tadu[tpādya]tvena siddhatvāt| na hi jātirdāhapākādāvupayujyate, svalakṣaṇasyaiva tatropayogāt| tatsambandhāt tatra pravṛttiriti cet; na, nityasyānupakāra[katvena] kenacitsambandhābhāvāt| satyapi ca sambandhe kathamanyapratipattāvanyatra pravṛttiḥ, atiprasaṅgāt| samavāyasya sūkṣmatvenānavasitavivekasyāvasāyād bhrāntyā tatra pravṛttiriti cet; evaṁ tarhi bhrāntimātramevāstu, kimantargaḍunā sāmānyena ?| nirbbījabhrāntyayogāditi cet; tā eva vyaktayastadekakā[ryakāriṇyo bhrānterbījam]| varṇṇākṛtisamānākāraṁ hi sāmānyajñānam| na ca sāmānyaṁ tadrūpam, tat kathaṁ tad bhrānterbbījam| sādṛśyanibandhanā hi bhrāntiriṣyate paraiḥ| vyaktaya eva cā[samānajā]tīyavyāvṛttāḥ sāmānyākārajñānasvarūpāstatastā eva bhrāntibījam, atadrūpavyāvṛttestāsu bhāvāt| vastubhūtasya tu sāmānyasya sambandha[āsaṁbhave]na tāsu bhāvāyogācca|

yaistu vyaktyātmakameva sāmānyaṁ kalpitaṁ taiḥ svalakṣaṇaviṣayamanumānasya prāmāṇyamabhyupagatameva bhavati| svalakṣaṇātmakaṁ tu sāmānyaṁ kathamanumāne pratibhāsate iti cintyam| na ca vyaktirūpamapāsyāparaṁ sāmānyasya rūpamiṣyate, vaiśeṣikadarśanopagamaprasaṅgāt| ...........................................................................................................

[1. hetoḥ sāmānyanirūpaṇam|]

[1. hetostritvena vyāptiḥ kathaṁ phaliteti carcā|]

.............hi kathitam| tatra kāryasvabhāvayorvvidhisādhanatvānna pratiṣedhe sādhye vyāpāraḥ| anupalabdhito'pi na hetvantarābhāvaniścayo yataḥ sā caturddhā'vasthitā svabhāva[kāraṇa]vyāpakānupalabdhayo viruddha vidhiśceti| tulyayogyatārūpasyaikajñānasaṁsargiṇaḥ svabhāvānupalabdhiranyopalabdhirūpā abhāvavyavahāraheturiṣyate| na [ca hetvan]taramatyantābhāvatayopagatamanukrāntarūpam, yadi hi syāddeśādiniṣedha evāsya syāt nātyantābhāvaḥ| kāraṇavyāpakānupalabdhī tu siddhe kārya[kāraṇa]vyāpyavyāpakabhāve bhavataḥ| na ca hetvantare'tyantāsattayāṅgīkṛte prakāro'yaṁ sambhavati| tat kathaṁ te tadabhāvaṁ gamayiṣyataḥ| virodho'pyavikala[kāraṇasya] bhavato'nyabhāve'bhāvādavagamyata iti viruddhopalabdhirapyasambhavinī| sambhave vā kāraṇānupalabdhyādīnāṁ kathamatyantaniṣedhaḥ ? ityāśaṅkayāha- “hetvābhāsāstato'pare” iti| “tataḥ” trividhāddhetoḥ “apare” anye “hetvābhāsāḥ” yatastatastridhaiva sa iti|

evaṁ manyate-iha yad yatra niyamyate [taddhi]paryayeṇa tadvipakṣasya vyāptau sa niyamaḥ siddhyati| yathā yat sat tat kṣaṇikameveti sattvasya kṣaṇikeṣu niyama ucyamānaḥ sattvaviparyayeṇā[sa]ttvena kṣaṇikavipakṣasyākṣaṇikasya vyāptau siddhyati| evamihāpi tritve heturniyamyamāno hetuviparyayeṇa hetvābhāsatvena trisaṁkhyābā[hyasyārtha]sya vyāptau trisaṁkhyāyāmeva niyato bhavati| tatastrividhahetuvyatiriktānāmarthānāṁ hetvābhāsatāṁ darśayati| tena svabhāvaviruddhopalabdhyā [kārya-sva] bhāvānupalambhavyatiriktānāmarthānāṁ hetutvābhāvaniścaya iti| hetutadābhāsayośca parasparaparihārasthitalakṣaṇatayaiva virodho [hetula]kṣaṇapratītikāla eva pratipannaḥ| tadātmaniyatapratibhāsajñānādeva tadviparītasyānyatayā tadābhāsatāpratīteḥ, parasparamitaretararūpābhāva[niśca]yāt| tatra trividhahetuvyatirikteṣvartheṣu hetvābhāsatvamupalabhyamānaṁ svaviruddhaṁ hetutvaṁ nirākaroti| te ca hetutrayabāhyā arthā nātyantāsatta[yopa] gatā nāpi hetutvaṁ teṣu niṣidhyamānaṁ, kevalaṁ vyāmohāt hetutvamanyatra prasiddhameva tatrā''ropitamāśaṅkitaṁ vā tadviruddhopalambhādapasāryate| tat kimucyate- “[atyantāsaṁbha]vinaḥ kathaṁ virodhaḥ” iti| na ca sahānavasthānalakṣaṇa eva virodho yena tannyāyaḥ sarvvatropavarṇyeta| nāpi yad yatra pratiṣidhyate tasya tatraiva viro[dhaḥ prati]pattavyo yena “kathamasataḥ kenacid virodhagatiḥ?” iti codyeta| na hi nātra śītasparśo'gneriti sādhyadharmiṇyeva śītasparśasyāgninā virodha[saṁba]ndho (?)yathā tu asyānyatra pratītavirodhasyāgninā sādhyadharmmiṇi niṣedhaḥ tathā hetvābhāsatvopalambhād hetutrayabāhyeṣvartheṣu hetutvanirāsaḥ| [atyantāsa]to 'pi ca lākṣaṇiko virodhaḥ pratīyate yathā kṣaṇikatvenākṣaṇikatvasya tasya vastuni kvacidapyasambhavāt, bhāvena vā yadvadabhāvasya sarvva[śaktivirahala]lakṣaṇasyetyalaṁ durmmativiṣpanditeṣvatyādareṇeti sthitametat-tritve hetutvaṁ niyamyamānaṁ [tadviparyayasyā]'pi ca vyāptau satyāṁ tatra niyataṁ bhavatītyabhiprāyavatā viparyayavyāptiṁ pradarśayitumidamuktam-“hetvābhāsa(sā)stato'pare” iti|

[2. trividhabāhyārthānāṁ hetvābhāsatvena vyāpteścarcā|]
tatraitatsyāt-kṣaṇikavipakṣa[sya sattva]viparyayeṇa vyāptirbādhakapramāṇavaśādavasitā iha tu trisaṅkhyābāhyānāmarthānāṁ hetvābhāsatvena vyāptiḥ katareṇa pramāṇenāvasitetya [trāha]-“avinābhāvaniyamāt” iti| trividhahetuvyatirikte liṅgatayopagate śaṅkayamāne vā vastuni pakṣadharmmatāsabhdāve'pyavinābhāvābhāvā[dityarthaḥ]| tathā ca vakṣyati-“na sa trividhāddhetoranyatrāstītyatraiva niyata ucyate” iti| avinābhāvavaikalyaṁ ca hetvābhāsatvenāsiddhaviruddhānaikāntikasāmānya[dharme]ṇa vyāptaṁ prameyatvādau niścitamiti hetvābhāsatve sādhye'vinābhāvavaikalyaṁ svabhāvahetuḥ|

avinābhāvavaikalyaṁ ca trividhahetuvyatiriktatvādeva [tadanyeṣāṁ] [vyāpa]kānupalabdhitaḥ siddham| tathā hi-tādātmyatadutpattibhyāmavinābhāvo vyāptaḥ, tayostatrāvaśyaṁbhāvāt| tasya ca tayoreva bhāvādatatsvabhāvasyātadutpatteśca [tadanāyattata]yā tadavyabhicāraniyamābhāvāt| taduktam-

“kāryakāraṇabhāvādvā svabhāvādvā niyāmakāt|
avinābhāvaniyamo'darśanānna na darśanāt||
[avaśyaṁbhāva]niyamaḥ kaḥ parasyānyathā paraiḥ|
ana(arthā)ntaranimitte vā dharmme vāsasi rāgavat||”

iti|
rūpādinā'pi hi rasāderavinābhāvo na sva[taḥ kintu svakāra]ṇāvyabhicāradvāraka iti tatkāraṇotpattirevāvinābhāvanibandhanam| anyathā tadanāyattasya tatkāraṇānāyattasya vā tenā[vinābhāvakalpa]nāyāṁ sarvvasya sarvārthairavinābhāvaḥ syāt, aviśeṣāt| ekārthasamavāyanimitto rūparasāderavinābhāva iti cet| nanu samavāyo'pyādhāryā[dhāra]bhūtānāmupavarṇyate| sa cādhārādheyabhāvastadātmānupakāre'tiprasaṅgato na sidhyatītyekasāmagryadhīnataivaikārthasamavāyo['vase]yaḥ| anyo vā vastubhūtaḥ saṁbandho'sambhavī tathā sambandhaparīkṣāyāṁ vistarataḥ śāstrakṛtā pratipādimeveti tata evāvadhāryam| asa-na vā ja(nanvasatyapi ja)nyajanakabhāve, tādātmye vā, tenaivāvinābhāvo nānyenetyatra vastusvabhāvairevottaraṁ vācyam ye evaṁ bhavanti nāsmābhiḥ, ke[valaṁ vayaṁ draṣṭāra] iti cet; ākasmikastarhi sa vastūnāṁ svabhāva iti na kasyacinna syāt| na hyahetorddeśakāladravyaniyamo yuktaḥ| [taddhi kiñcit kvacidupa] nīyeta na vā yasya yatra kiñcidāyattamanāyattaṁ vā| anyathā viśeṣābhāvādiṣṭadeśakāladravyavadanyadeśādibhāvaḥ ke[na vāryeta viśeṣābhāvāt| tato ya]dyenāvinābhūtaṁ dṛśyate tasya tenāvyabhicārakāraṇaṁ tattvacintakairabhidhānīyam, na tu pādaprasārikā'valambanīyā| taccāvyabhicārakāraṇam yathoktādanyanna yujyate iti tadvikalā na hetulakṣaṇabhāja iti| tathā cāha-

“saṁyogyādiṣu yeṣvasti pratibandho na tādṛśaḥ|
na te hetava [ityuktaṁ] vyabhicārasya saṁbhavāt||” iti|

atra prayogaḥ-yasya yena saha tādātmyatadutpattī na sto na sa tadavinābhāvī, yathā prameyatvādiranityatvādinā, na staśca kenacit tādātmyatadutpatti svabhāvakāryavyatirekiṇāmarthānāmiti vyāpakānupalabdhiḥ| svabhāvānupalabdhistu svabhāvahetāvantarbhāviteti tasyāḥ [tādātmya]lakṣaṇa eva pratibandhaḥ| vyāpakakāraṇānupalabdhī tu tādātmyatadutpattilakṣaṇapratibandhavaśādeva vyāpyakāryayornivṛtti sādhayataḥ|

[taduktam-
“tasmā]t tanmātrasaṁbaddhaḥ svabhāvo bhāvameva vā|
nivartayetkāraṇaṁ vā kāryamavyabhicārataḥ||” iti|

tadevaṁ hetulakṣaṇaṁ 1 saṁkhyāniyamaḥ 2 tadupadarśa[kaṁ ca pramāṇa]m 3 atra śloke nirdiṣṭamiti|

[3. avinābhāvaniyamādityasya prakārāntareṇa vyākhyānam]
athavā ‘tridhaiva saḥ’ iti sa pakṣadharmmastriprakāra eva svabhāvakāryānupalambhākhyastadaṁśena vyāpto nānyaḥ| [sa] triprakārastadaṁśena vyāpta eveti sambandhaḥ| kiṁ kāraṇam ?| “avinābhāvaniyamāt”| avinābhāvasya-vyāpteḥ| trividha eva pakṣadharmme niyamāt| trividhasya ca pakṣadharmmasyāvinābhāvaniyamāt| tena ca [sva]bhāvakāryānupalambhātmakatrividhapakṣadharmmavyatiriktā na tadaṁśena vyāptā iti| trividhaśca kāryasvabhāvānupalabdhirūpaḥ pakṣadharmmastadaṁśena vyāpta eveti na tasyāhetutvamityuktaṁ bhavati| tatastrividhahetubāhyeṣvavi[nābhā]bāddhetuvyavahāraṁ kurvvantaḥ, trividhe ca hetāvavinābhāvasyāvaśyambhāvā[bhāvā]dahetutvamācakṣāṇā nirastā bhavanti|

[4. hetvābhāsalakṣaṇānabhidhānepi tatsūcanam|]
tatraitat syāt-hetvābhāsānamapi [lakṣaṇam]bhidhānīyaṁ tatra śiṣyāṇāṁ hetuvyavahāranivṛttaya ityāha “hetvābhāsāstato'pare” iti| “tataḥ” pakṣadharmmastadaṁśena vyāpta iti hetulakṣaṇād “apare” a[nye ta]lakṣaṇavikalā hetvābhāsā gamyanta eveti na tallakṣaṇamucyate| tathā hi-“pakṣadharmmaḥ” ityukte yatra pakṣadharmmatā nāsti na sa hetuḥ| “tadaṁśena vyāptaḥ” iti vacane yatra tadaṁśavyāptiviraho viparyayavyāptervyāpakasya vā tatrāvaśyambhāvābhāvāt, te heturūpavikalatayā “hetvābhāsāḥ” asiddhaviruddhānaikāntikā gamyanta eva| tathā hi-yallakṣaṇo yo'rthaḥ śiṣyasya vyutpāditaḥ tallakṣaṇavirahite na tadvayavahāraṁ svayameva pravartayiṣyati a[tadrūpa]parihāreṇaiva tadrūpapratipatteriti na tatra yatnaḥ phalavān bhavati| yattvanyatra hetvābhāsavyutpādanaṁ tanmandabuddhīnadhikṛtya| idaṁ tu prakaraṇaṁ vipulamatīnuddiśya praṇītam “saṁkṣepataḥ” iti vacanāt| ta eva hi saṁkṣepoktaṁ yathāvadavagantuṁ kṣamāḥ na mandamatayaḥ, teṣāṁ vistarābhidhānamantareṇa yathāvadarthapratipatterabhāvāt| ata evārthākṣiptopanyāsapūrvakameva hetvābhāsalakṣaṇaṁ tatropavarṇitamiti| tadatra vyākhyāne hetulakṣaṇaṁ 1 hetusaṁkhyāniyamaḥ 2 tasya ca trividhasya hetutvāvadhāraṇaṁ 3 tadubhayakāraṇaṁ 4 śliṣṭanirddeśā[khyānaṁ 5] hetvābhāsalakṣaṇānabhidhānakāraṇaṁ 6 ceti ṣaḍarthāḥ śloke'tra nirdiṣṭā iti|

kiñca-idamapi sādhu dṛśyate-“tridhaiva” kāryasvabhāvānupalabdhi[bheda]bhinnaḥ sa hetuḥ| tathā, tridhaiva pakṣadharmmānvayavyatirekarūpabhedāt “triprakāra eva” trirūpa eva| tadaṁśavyāptivacanenānvayavyatirekayorabhidhānāt| nābādhitaviṣayatvādirūpāntarayogyapi sa hetuḥ| kutaḥ ? yataḥ “hetvābhāsāstato'pare” “tataḥ” trividhāt svabhā[vā]deḥ, pakṣadharmmādirūpatrayayogino vā “apare” anye saṁyogyādayo'bādhitaviṣayatvādivyatiriktarūpavanto vā| kasmād ?| avinābhāvasya atraiva trividha eva trirūpa eva ca hetau niyamādanyatra svabhāvādivyatirikta(kte) rūpāntarasambhavini vā avinābhāvābhāvādityarthaḥ| na hi svabhāvādivya[ti]rikte pratibandhanibandhanasyā'vinābhāvasya saṁbhavaḥ tadvati vā rūpāntarasya| yathā cā(ca) satyevāvinābhāve rūpāntarasya na sambhavastathā “ṣaḍlakṣaṇa” ityādinā vakṣyati|

[5. diṅnāgānusāreṇa pakṣaśabdasya dharmimātraparatvam|]
“pakṣadharmmaḥ” ityatra hetulakṣaṇe'pi kriyamāṇe yadi samudāyaḥ pakṣe(kṣo) gṛhyate yo'numānaviṣayastadā sarvvo heturasiddhaḥ, siddhau vā'numānavaiyarthyamityāha “pakṣo dharmmī” iti| kathaṁ punaḥ samudāyavacanaḥ pakṣaśabdo dharmmimātre vartata iti cet? “avayave samudāyopacārāt”| pakṣākhyasya hi samudāyasya dvāvavayavau dharmmī dharmmaśca| tadatra dharmmimātre samudāyopacārāt pakṣaśabdo vartate| tadekadeśatvaṁ ca samudāyopacāranimittamiti na sādhyadharmmiṇo'nyatra tatprasaṅgaḥ| taduktam-

“samudāyasya sādhyatvāt dharmmamātre [ca]dharmmiṇi|
amukhye'pyekadeśatvāt sādhyatvamupacaryate||”iti|

[6. diṅnāgavyākhyāne īśvarasenākṣepastatuddhāraśca|]
tadetadācāryīyaṁ vyākhyānamīśvarasenenākṣiptaṁ parihartuṁ pūrvvapakṣayannāha “prayo[jane]” tyādinā|

“nartte, prayojanādiṣṭraṁ(ṣṭaṁ) mukhyaśabdārthalaṅghanam|”

ityasati prayojane nopacāro yuktaḥ| tato dharmmidharmma ityevāstviti paraḥ| “na” prayojanābhāvaḥ| kutaḥ ? sarvvaścāsau vivādāśrayo'nyo vā dharmmī yastasya pratiṣedho'rthaḥ prayojanaṁ yasyopacārasya tabhdāvastasmāt “sarvvadharmmidharmmapratiṣedhārthatvādupacārasya” iti prayojanābhāvādityasiddho hetuḥ|

ka evaṁ sati guṇaḥ ? iti cedāha “evaṁ hi” upacāre sati “cākṣuṣatvādi” ādigrahaṇāt ‘kākasya kārṣṇyāt’ ityādi vyadhikaraṇāsiddhaṁ “parihṛtaṁ” hetutvena nirastaṁ “bhavati”| dharmmidharmma iti tu sāmānye [nābhi]dhānāt teṣāmapi hetutā syāditi|

asatyupacāre dharmmigrahaṇādapyetat sidhyati| tato'narthaka evopacāra ityāha paraḥ- “dharmmavacanenāpi ” na kevalaṁ dha[rmmiva]canena| “dharmyāśrayasiddhau” dharmmiṇa āśrayaṇamāśrayaḥ parigrahastasya siddhistasyāṁ satyām| kiṁ punarddharmmasya dharmyākṣepanimittamiti cet ? “parā[śrayatvā]t”-dharmmiparatantratvāt “dharmmasya” avaśyamasau dharmmiṇamākṣipati| tato dharmmivacanamatiricyamānaṁ viśiṣṭaṁ sādhyadharmmiṇameva pratipādayati, [na dharmimātram]| syānmatam-dharmmigrahaṇād viśiṣṭo'tra dharmmī kaścidabhipreta iti gamyeta| sa tu sādhyadharmmīti kutaḥ? ityāha- “pratyāsatte”rnyāyāt| pratyāsattiścātra dharmmi[vacanasāmarthyāda]bhipreteti gamyate| vyāptau tu nyāye dharmmavacanenāpi dharmmimātrākṣepat dharmmigrahaṇa-vaiyarthyam| pratyāsannatā ca sādhyadharmmiṇa eva, tatra prathamaṁ he [tūpa]darśanāt| na pratyāsatteḥ sādhyadharmmiparigrahaḥ| kutaḥ ?| “dṛṣṭāntadharmmiṇo'pi” na kevalaṁ sādhyadharmmiṇaḥ pratyāsatteḥ| kadācid vyāptidarśanapūrvvake prayoge dṛṣṭāntadharmmiṇyapi prathamaṁ hetusabhdāvopadarśanāt|

yadi na pratyāsatteḥ sādhyadharmmisiddhiḥ pāriśeṣyāt tarhi bhaviṣyati| yataḥ “tadaṁśavyāptyā” hetubhūtayā “dṛṣṭāntadharmmiṇi” dharmmasya satva(ttva)siddheḥ| nahi dṛṣṭāntamantareṇa hetoḥ sādhyena vyāptiḥ pradarśayituṁ śakyata iti manyate| tato dharmmigrahaṇādvayatiricyamānāt sādhyadharmmiṇa eva parigrahaḥ| “tadaṁśena” iti ca tacchabdena dharmmavacanākṣipto dharmmī sambhantsyata iti tatsambandhanārthamapi dharmmigrahaṇaṁ nā''śaṅkanīyam| yatra prayojanāntaraṁ na sambhavati sa pāriśeṣyaviṣayaḥ, dharmmivacanasya tvanyadapi prayojanaṁ sambhāvyate| tat kutaḥ pāriśeṣyāt “dharmmivacanāt sādhyadharmiparigrahaḥ” ? iti manyamānaḥ siddhāntavādyāha-“siddhe tadaṁśavyāptyā dṛṣṭāntadharmmiṇi satva(ttve) punarddharmiṇo vacanaṁ dṛṣṭāntadharmiṇa eva yo dharmmaḥ sa heturiti niyamārthamāśaṅkayeta| tataśca cākṣuṣatvādaya eva hetavaḥ syuḥ, na kṛtakatvādaya iti aniṣṭameva syāt tasmādupacāraḥ kartavyaḥ” iti|

kiṁ punastarkkaśāstra dṛṣṭaṁ kvacit niyamārthavacanamitya āha-
“dṛṣṭaṁ sajātīya eva” ityādi| “tatra yaḥ san sajātīye-” [nyāyamukha 7] ityatrā'cāryīye hetulakṣaṇe ‘sajātīya e[va] satva(ttva)mi’tyavadhāraṇena siddhe'pi hetorvyatireke| kutra ?| sādhyābhāve| yadetat “asaṁstadatyaye” [nyāyamukha 7] iti asatva(ttva)vacanaṁ tanniyamārthamācāryeṇa vyākhyāta[m a]satyeva nāstitā yathā syāt nānyatra na viruddha iti| tathehāpi dharmmivacanaṁ tatraiva bhāvaniyamārthamāśaṅkayeta| kadā ? siddhe'pi dṛṣṭāntadharmmiṇi [sa]tve(ttve)| kutaḥ ? tadaṁśavyāptivacanāt| kva bhāvaniyamārtham ? “[ta]traiva” dṛṣṭāntadharmmiṇi, sati cāśaṅkāsambhave| kutaḥ ?| pāriśeṣyāt sādhyadharmmiparigrahaḥ| nanu apakṣadharmmasyāhetutvāt na niyamārthatāśaṅkā| tathā hi-sādhyadharmmeṇa vyāpto'pi dharmmo yadi kvacid dharmmiṇyupalabhyeta tadā tatraiva svavyāpakapratītiṁ janayet nānyatra [pratyā]sattiviprakarṣābhyāṁ yathākramam| anupalavdhastu kvacid dharmmiṇi kathaṁ gamakaḥ ?| tathābhāve vā sarvvatra svavyāpakaṁ gamayet pratyāsattiviprakarṣābhāvāde[vetyata] āha- “tasmāt sāmarthyāt” ityādi| yadidamanantaraṁ sāmarthyaṁ samupavarṇṇitam āsmāt sāmarthyādarthasya sādhyadharmmiparigrahalakṣaṇasya bhavati pratīti[rpa]ṭudhiyāṁ śrotṛṇām, kintvaśabdakamarthaṁ svayamanusaratāṁ pratipattigauravaṁ syāt| tadupacāramātrāt svayamaśabdakārthābhyūharahitād dharmmidharmma ityane [na pa]kṣadharmma iti “samānanirddeśāt [pratipattigauravaṁ ca] parihṛtaṁ bhavati|” “pratipattigauravaṁ ca” iti ‘ca’śabdenaitadāha-ye paropadeśamākāṅkṣanti tairayamartho lakṣaṇa[vaca]nād boddhavya iti|

yathālakṣaṇaṁ pratīterapakṣadharmmo na heturiti kutaḥ ? iyamāśaṅkā| tatasteṣāṁ lakṣaṇānusāriṇāṁ niyamāśaṅkāparihārārthaṁ copacārakara[ṇami]ti|

[7. pakṣadharma ityatra niyamavyavasthā|]
iha vyavacchedaphalatvāt śabdaprayogasyāvaśyamevāvadhārayitavyam| ṣaṣṭhīsamāsācca pakṣadharmma ityatra nānyaḥ samāsaḥ sambhavati| tathā ca pakṣasyaiva dharmma [i]tyevamavadhāraṇāt tadaṁśavyāptirvvirudhyata iti viruddhalakṣaṇatāmubhdāvayannāha “pakṣasya dharmmatve tvaṁ(taṁ) pakṣaṁ viśeṣaṇamanyato vyavacchedakamapekṣata” iti “tadviśeṣaṇāpekṣasya” dharmmasya “anyatra” pakṣīkṛtādanyasmin sapakṣe ”ananuvṛttiḥ”| tathā hi-yaḥ pakṣeṇa viśeṣyate sa pakṣasyaiva bhavati nānya[sya]| yathā-yo devadattasya putraḥ sa tasyaiva putro na yajñadattasyāpi| tato'nyatrānanuvṛtteḥ “asādhāraṇatā”-sādhāraṇatā na syāt| tadaṁ śavyāptivirodha [i]ti yāvat| sādhāraṇatāyāstva(yāśca) tadaṁśavyāptyā pratipādanāt| tato yadi pakṣadharmmo na ta[daṁśe]na vyāptiḥ, atha tadaṁśavyāptirnna pakṣadharmma iti vyāhataṁ lakṣaṇamiti|

nanu ca tadaṁśavyāptirnāma sādhyadharmmasya vyāpakasya tatra hetau sati tadādhāradharmmiṇi bhāva, eva, vyāpyasya vā hetostatraiva vyāpake sādhyadharmme satyeva bhāva iti svasādhyāvinābhāvalakṣaṇā vakṣyate| na cānayā'vaśyaṁ pakṣīkṛtādanyatra vṛttirākṣipyate, yato lakṣaṇavyāghāta āśaṅkyeta| tathā hi-tatraiva pakṣīkṛte satyeva sādhyadharmme heturvvarttamānastadaṁśavyāptiṁ pratipadyata eva| yaiva cāsya sādhyadharmmiṇi svasādhyāvinābhāvitā saiva gamakatve nibandhanaṁ nānyadharmmiṇi| sa ca svasādhyāvinābhāvaḥ pratibandhasādhakapramāṇanibandhanaḥ, na sapakṣe kvacid bahulaṁ vā sahabhāvamātradarśananibandhanaḥ| na hi lohalekhyaṁ vajram pārthivatvāt kāṣṭhādivat iti tadanyatra pārthivatvasya lohalekhyatā'vinābhāvo'pi tathābhāvo bhavati| yadi ca pakṣīkṛtādanyatraiva vyāptirādarśayitavyeti niyamastadā satvaṁ(ttvaṁ) kathaṁ kṣaṇikatāṁ bhāveṣu pratipādayet ?| yo hi sakalapadārthavyāpinīmākṣa(nīṁ kṣa)ṇīkatāmicchati taṁ prati kasyacit [sa]pakṣasyaivābhāvāt| yadapi kaiścit jvālādeḥ kṣaṇikatvamabhyupagamyate tadapi na pratyakṣataḥ, kṣaṇavivekasyātisūkṣmatayā'nupalakṣaṇāt| anyatraiva ca vyāptirādarśanīyā na sādhyadharmmiṇyapīti ko'yaṁ nyāyaḥ ?| evaṁ hi kālpanikatvaṁ hetulakṣaṇasya pratipannaṁ syāt, na vastubalapravṛttatvam, tasmāt svasādhyapratibandhād hetustena vyāptaḥ sidhyati| sa ca viparyaye bādhakapramāṇavṛttyā sādhyadharmmiṇyapi sidhyatīti na kiñcidanyatrānuvṛttyapekṣayā| ata evānyatroktam- “yat kvacid dṛṣṭaṁ tasya yatra pratibandhaḥ tadvidaḥ tasya tad gamakaṁ tatreti vastugatiḥ” iti|

yadapi “anumeye'tha tattalye sabhdāvaḥ-” ityādi lakṣaṇaṁ tatrāpi sādhyadharmmavāneva sapakṣa ucyate| tataḥ satyeva sādhyadharmme vā'stītyevaṁparametat| tataśca taddharmmaṇaḥ sādhyadharmmiṇo'pi vāstavaṁ sapakṣatvaṁ na vyāvarttate| sādhyatveneṣṭatayecchāvyavasthitalakṣaṇena pakṣatvena tasya nirākarttumaśakyatvāt| tasmāt tadaṁśavyāptivacanena svasādhyāvinābhāvitvasya pratibandhanibandhanasyānyathā tadayogādabhidhānānnāvaśya manyatra vṛttirākṣipteti, kathamidamāśaṅkitam?| satyam, naivedamāśaṅkanīyam, yadi sarvvasya hetoḥ pakṣīkṛte eva dharmmiṇi svasādhyapratibandhaḥ pramāṇato niścetuṁ śakyeta| yathā sattvalakṣaṇasya svabhāvahetoḥ kṣaṇikatāyāṁ sādhyāyāṁ tādātmyaṁ viparyaye bādhakapramāṇavṛttyā| kāryahetostu pa[kṣīkṛtadharmiṇā| kasyacit svabhāvahetoḥ] pratyakṣānupalambhasādhanaḥ pratibandhaḥ kathaṁ parokṣe sādhyadharmme gṛhyeta?| tasmāt tasyānyatraiva [prasiddhiriti tadviśeṣaṇāpekṣasya tatra apekṣaṇāt anya]trānanuvṛtteḥ asādhāraṇatā sambhavamātreṇāśaṅkitā| tadā hyanyatrāvartamānaḥ sādhyaviparīta[vyatireka]...........................................................tadubhayabahirbhāvāyogāt taddharmmiṇaḥ sādhyavṛttivyavacchedābhyāṁ sarvvasaṁgrahāt tatra saṁśayahetu[rbhavati| syānmatam- kvacidāśraye sattāyāḥ prākpravṛttapūrvagṛhī]tavismṛtapratibandhasādhakapramāṇasmṛtaye'nyatra vṛttirapekṣaṇīyā| etat pariharati| “na” ityādi| [nānyatrānanubhavattiḥ| kutaḥ ? ayogo'samba]ndhaḥ tavdyavacchedena viśeṣaṇāt pakṣasya| na hyanyayogavyavacchedenaiva viśeṣaṇaṁ bhavati| [kintu ayogavyavacchedenāpi| yatra dharmiṇi dha]rmmasya sabhdāvaḥ saṁdihyate tatrā'yogavyavacchedasya nyāyaprāptatvāt| atra ca dṛṣṭāntaḥ[“yathā caitro dharnurdhara iti”| caitre hi dhanurdhara]tvaṁ saṁdihyate kimasti nāsti iti| tataścaitro dhanurddhara iti tatsabhdāvapratipādikā śrutīḥ [pakṣāntaramadhanurdharatvaṁ śroturāśaṅkopasthāpitaṁ] nirākarotītyayogavyavacchedo'tra nyāyaprāptaḥ| parābhimatavyavacchedanirācikīrṣayā''ha-[“na, anyayogavyavacchedena viśeṣaṇāt” anyatrānanuvṛttera]sādhāraṇateti sambandhaḥ| atrāpi dṛṣṭānto “yathā pārtho dhanurddhara iti”| sāmānyaśabdo'pyayaṁ dha[nurdharaśabdaḥ prakaraṇasāmarthyādinā prakṛṣṭaguṇavṛttiḥ| iha pārthe] hi dhanurddharatvaṁ siddhameveti nāyogāśaṅkā| [tādṛ]śaṁ tu sātiśayaṁ kimanyatrāsti nāstītyanyayoga [śaṅkāyāṁ śrotuḥ yadā pārtho dhanurdhara iti ucya]te tadā'nyayogavyavacchedo nyāyaprāptaḥ, pratipādyāśaṅkopasthāpitayoreva pakṣayoḥ para[sparaṁ virodhāt ekanirdeśena anyayogavyavacchedasya] nyāyabalāyātatvāt| tadiha pakṣe'styayaṁ dharmmo na veti saṁśītau [pakṣadharma ityukte pakṣasya dharma eva nādharmaḥ| dharmaśca āśritatvādviśeṣaṇaṁ tenāyogo vya]vacchidyate nānyayogastadaṁśavyāptyā tasya pratipādita[tvena dṛṣṭānte saṁdehābhāvāt|

“tadaṁśaḥ” taddharma iti]| tacchabdena pakṣaḥ parāmṛśyate na dharmmaḥ, dharmmasya dharmmāsambhavāt| aṁśaśca dharmmo naikadeśaḥ, pakṣa[śabdena dharmimātravacanāt| na tadaṁśaḥ tasya eka]deśābhāvāditi|

[8. vyāptervyāpyavyāpakobhayadharmatvam|]
tasya pakṣadharmmasya sato vyāptiḥ- yo vyāpnoti yaśca vyāpyate [tadubhayadharmmatayā pratīteḥ| yadā vyāpakadharmatayā vivakṣyate ta]dā vyāpakasya gamyasya| tatrāta satsaptabhyarthapradhānametat nādhārapradhānam, dharmmāṇāṁ dharmma[āntaratvābhāvāt| tenāyamarthaḥ]-yatra dharmmiṇi vyāpyamasti tatra sarvvatra bhāva eva vyāpakasya svagato dharmmo vyāptiḥ| tata[śca vyāpyabhāvāpekṣayā vyāpyasyaiva vyāptatāpratītiḥ]| na tvevamavadhāryate| vyāpakasyaiva tatra bhāva iti| hetvabhāvaprasaṅgādavyāpakasyāpi mūrttatvādestatra bhāvāt| nāpi ‘tatraive’ ti prayatnānantarīyakatvāderahetutāpatteḥ| sādhāraṇaśca hetuḥ syāt| nityatvasya prameyeṣveva bhāvāt| yadā tu vyāpyadharmmatā(rmatayā) vivakṣā vyāptestadā vyāpyasya vā gamakasya tatraiva vyāpake gamye sati| ytatra dharmmiṇi vyāpako'sti tatraiva bhāvo, na tadabhāve'pi vyāptiriti| atrāpi vyāpyasyaiva tatra bhāva ityavadhāraṇaṁ hetvabhāvaprasaktereva nāśritam, avyāpyasyāpi tatra bhāvāt| nāpi vyāpyasya tatra bhāva eveti sapakṣaikadeśavṛtterahetutvaprāpteḥ| sādhāraṇasya [ca] hetutvaṁ syāt| prameyatvasya nityeṣvavaśyaṁbhāvāditi| vyāpyavyāpakadharmmatāsaṁvarṇanaṁ tu vyāpterubhayatra tulyadharmmatayaikākārā pratītiḥ saṁyogivat mā bhūditi pradarśanārtham| tathā hi-pūrvvatrāyogavyavacchedenāvadhāraṇam uttaratrānyayogavyavacchedeneti kuta ubhayatraikākāratā vyāpteḥ ?| taduktam-

“liṅge liṅgī bhavatyeva liṅginyevetarat punaḥ|
niyamasya viparyāse'sambandho liṅgaliṅginoḥ||”iti|

etenā''cāryeṇa saṁyogabalāt gamakatve yo doṣa uktaḥ-
“na ca kenacidaṁśena na saṁyogī hutāśanaḥ|
dhūmo vā sarvvathā tena prāptaṁ dhūmāt prakāśanam||” iti|

sa iha nāvataratītyākhyātaṁ bhavati| tathā hi-saṁyogasya ubhayatrāviśeṣāt eṣa prasaṅgo na tu vyāpteḥ| na hi yādṛśī vyāpakadharmma vyāptiḥ tādṛśyeva vyāpyadharmma iti| tathā cāha-

“sambandho yadyapi dviṣṭhaḥ sahabhāvyaṅgaliṅginoḥ|
ādhārādheyavad vṛttistasya saṁyogivanna tu||” iti|

tena vyāpako vyāpyo na bhavati vyāpyaśca [na] vyāpaka iti| “tadaṁśena vyāpto hetuḥ” iti vacanāt na saṁyogipakṣokto doṣaḥ| nā'pyubhayorggamyagamakatāprasaṅgaḥ, yathoktād hetulakṣaṇād vyāpakasyaiva gamyatvapratīteḥ, vyāpyasyaiva gamakatāsampratyayāditi|

[9. vyāpteranvayavyatirekarūpayossūcanam|]
yadi tarhi “pakṣadharmmastadaṁśena vyāptaḥ” ityetaddhetulakṣaṇaṁ tataḥ pakṣadharmmatvaṁ tadaṁśavyāptiśceti dvirūpo hetuḥ syāt, anyatra ca trirūpa uktaḥ tat kathaṁ na vyāghātaḥ ? ityāha “etena” tadaṁśavyāptivacanena “anvayo vyatireko vā uktaḥ” veditavya iti sambandhaḥ| anvayavyatirekarūpatvād vyāpteriti bhāvaḥ| tathā hi-ya eva yenānvito yannivṛttau ca nivarttate sa eva tene vyāpta ucyate iti tadātmakatvād vyāptervyāptivacanenānvayavyatirekābhidhānam| tato vyāptivacanena rūpadvayābhidhānāt na vyāghāta iti|

[10. vyāpteḥ pratyakṣeṇānumānena vā niścayaḥ|]
tau ca jñapakahetvadhikārāt niścitau| “niścayaśca tayornnaikenaiva pramāṇena api tu yathāsvam|” yasya yad ātmīyaṁ pramāṇaṁ niścāyakaṁ tena| yasya ca yat niścāyakaṁ pramāṇaṁ tad uttaratra vakṣyati|

“anvayo vyatirako vā” iti tulyakakṣatāsūcanārtho ‘vā’śabdaḥ| tena sādharmyavaidharmyavatoḥ prayogayorekenaiva dvitīyagatervvidhipratiṣedharūpatayā vyāvṛttibhede'pi paramārthatastādātmyāt nobhayopadarśanamiti sūcitaṁ bhavati| vyatireko hi sādhyanivṛttau liṅgasya nivṛttidharmmakatvaṁ svabhāvabhūto dharmma ityanvayarūpatā vastuto'sya na virudhyate| “pakṣadharmmaśca”| kiṁ ?| “yathāsvaṁ pramāṇena niścitaḥ” ukta iti sambandhaḥ| niścayaprasaṅgena so'pyatra pratipādyate, niścitasya gamakatvāmākhyātum|.................................................................................... iti pradarśanārtho ‘vā’śabdaḥ| “pratyakṣeṇa ca svayaṁ svalakṣaṇākāratve'pyanantarasāmānyavikalpajananāt prasiddhiḥ” upacārato niścaya ucyate-pratyakṣapṛṣṭhabhāvino vikalpasyānadhigatārthādhigantṛtvābhāvaṁ darśayituṁ| tena yadyapi sāmānyarūpaṁ liṅgamavasthāpyate tathāpi svalakṣaṇapratītireva tadvyavasthānibandhanamiti pratyakṣataḥ pakṣadharmmasya sādhyadharmmiṇi prasiddhirucyate| etaccānantarameva vyaktīkariṣyate| “anumānato vā sādhyadharmmiṇi pakṣadharmmasya prasiddhi” rnniścayaḥ| pramāṇaphalabhedācca “anumānataḥ” anumānena niścaya iti āha| “atrodāharaṇe” yathākramaṁ “yathā pradeśe dhūmasya” dhūmasāmānyasya pratyakṣato niścayaḥ iti|

[11. uddayotakaramataṁ nirasya deśādyapekṣakāryahetorgamakatvoktiḥ|]
yastu manyate-‘yaḥ pradeśo'gnisambandhī so'pratyakṣo yastu pratyakṣo nabhobhāgarūpa ālokādyātmā dhūmavattayā dṛśyamāno na so'gnimān ataḥ kathaṁ pradeśe dhūmasya pratyakṣataḥ prasiddhiḥ| tasmād dhūma eva dharmmī yuktaḥ| sāgnirayaṁ dhūmaḥ dhūmatvāt ityevaṁ sādhyasādhanabhāvaḥ’ iti-tasyāpi sāgneḥ dhūmāvayavasyā'pratyakṣatvāt, paridṛśyamānasya corddhavabhāgavartino'gninā sahāvṛtteḥ, kathaṁ dhūmasāmānyasya sādhyadharmmiṇi pratyakṣataḥ prasiddhiḥ ?| dhūmāvayavī pratyakṣa iti cet; na, avayavavyatirekeṇa tasyābhāvāt| lokādhyavasāyatastasyaikatve vā pradeśasyāpi tāvataḥ kalpitamekatvaṁ na nivāryate| pradeśe eva ca loko'gni pratipadyate, na dhūme| deśakālādyapekṣayaiva ca kāryaheturggamakaḥ| yadāha-

“iṣṭaṁ viruddhakārye'pi deśakālādyapekṣaṇam|
anyathā vyabhicāri syād bhasmevā'śītasādhanaḥ (dhane)||
iti|

“tato deśādyapekṣā'gnisādhane dhūmavattayā|
gṛhyamāṇasya deśasya dharmmitā na virudhyate||”

yathā balākāvato vṛkṣāderddeśādyapekṣayā jalasādhanatvamiti|
“śabde vā kṛtakatvasya” pratyayabhedabhiditvādinānumāneneti|

[12. nirvikalpaṁ kathaṁ sāmānyagrāhīti kumārilākṣepasyottaram|]
atra yathopavarṇṇitaṁ pratyakṣataḥ pakṣadharmmasya sādhyadharmmiṇi prasiddhāvabhiprāyamapratipadyamānaḥ kumārilaḥ-‘kathaṁ pratyakṣeṇa(ṇā)vikalpena sāmānyātmano liṅgasya dhūmādeḥ svarūpagra[haṇa]mapi tāvad yujyate, dharmmiṇo vā kuta eva tatsambandhagrahaṇam’- iti pratyavatasthe| tena hi “pratyakṣapūrvvakatvāccānumānāderddharmmaṁ pratyanimittatvam” ityetad bhāṣyam-

“kathaṁ pratyakṣapūrvvatvamanumānādino bhavet ?|
yadā smṛtyasamarthatvānnirvvikalpendriyasya dhīḥ||
na cāvikalpyaliṅgasya dharmmisambandhayostathā|
gṛhītiḥ”

ityākṣipya-
“ pratyakṣāgrahaṇaṁ yattu liṅgāderavikalpanāt|
tanneṣṭatvād vikalpasyāpyartharūpopakāriṇaḥ||
asti syālocanājñānaṁ prathamaṁ nirvvikalpakam|
bālamūkādivijñānasadṛśaṁ śuddhavastujam||
tataḥ paraṁ punarvvastu dharmmairjātyādibhiryayā|
buddhyāvasīyate sā'pi pratyakṣatvena sammatā||”

iti bruvatā-‘saugatānāmevāyaṁ liṅga-dharmmi-tatsambandhāgrahaṇalakṣaṇo doṣo yeṣāmavikalpakameva pratyakṣaṁ, nāsmākaṁ savikalpamapi pratyakṣamicchatām’ ityuktaṁ bhavati| tatastadupavarṇṇitadoṣapratividhānāyā''ha-“sadhūmaṁ hi” ityādi| ayamatra samudāyārthaḥ-pratyakṣaṁ hi purovasthitamauttarādharyeṇa dhūmapradeśādikaṁ vidhirūpeṇa dhūmādisvalakṣaṇaṁ sakalasajātīyavijātīyavyāvṛttaṁ ca svasvabhāvavyavasthiteḥ sarvvāsāmarthamātrāṇāṁ parasparamasaṁkīrṇṇarūpatvāt tatsāmarthyabhāviyathāsthānamanukurvvatpāścāttyavidhipratiṣedhavikalpadvayaṁ janayati yena dhūmapradeśākhyau dharmmadharmmiṇau tayoścauttarādharyam ‘evametat nānyathā’ iti vikalpayati| yathānubhavamabhyāsapāṭavādipratyayāntarasahakāriṇāṁ vikalpānāmudayāt| tato dharmmadharmmiṇoḥ svarūpaniścayaḥ sambandhaniścayaśca pratyakṣanibandhanaḥ sampadyate| tathā hi-ayameva dhūmapradeśayoḥ sambandhasya niścayo yaḥ ‘atrāyam’ ityadhyavasāyaḥ| sa cāvikalpenāpi pratyakṣeṇa yathoktena prakāreṇa sampādita eva| na cauttarādharyāvasthitād vastudvayādanya eva kaścidādhā[rādhe]yabhāvalakṣaṇaḥ sambandhaḥ yataḥ tasya pratyakṣeṇānanubhūtatvāt paścāda(d) vikalpanaṁ syāt| vastubhūtasya tasyānyatra niṣedhāt| tasmādayaṁ tadeva tathāvasthitamarthadvayamāśritya kalpanāsamāropita eva| tena sambandhaḥ sambandhīti bhedāntarapratikṣepāpratikṣepābhyāṁ dharmmadharmmitayā vyavahāro loke na tu pāramārthikaḥ| sāmānyavyavahāro'pi vijātīyavyāvṛttāneva bhāvānāsṛ(śri)tya kalpanāsamāropita eva pratanyate| teṣāmeva bhinnānāmapyanubhavadvāreṇa vijātīyavyāvṛttatayā prakṛtyaivaikākāraparāmarśapratyayahetutvāt| tathā cāha-

“ekapratyavamarśārthajñānādyekārthasādhane|
bhede'pi niyatāḥ kecit svabhāvenendriyādivat||”

tataḥ sāmānyavi[kalpajananadvārā] tatpratibhāsino dhūmākārasya vijātīyavyāvṛ[ttarūpasya sāmānyarūpatayā] pratyakṣeṇaiva gṛhītatvāt| na hi vijātīyavyāvṛttirvyāvṛttādanyaiva kācid yasyāḥ pratyakṣeṇāgrahaṇaṁ syāt| tasmād yathāparidṛṣṭaṁ dhūmādisvalakṣaṇamevānyato vyāvṛ[ttātmanā vi]kalpyata iti pratipatradhyavasāyavaśāt smṛtireva| dvividho vikalpaḥ pratyakṣapṛṣṭhabhāvī vastutaḥ punarnnirvviṣaya eva| tato yadāha- sāmānyasyānanubhūtatayā-

“smārttametadabhedena vijñānamiti yo vadet|
tasya vandhyāsute'pyasti nūnaṁ smaraṇaśaktatā||”
iti tadapyapāstamiti||

[13. anumiteḥ sāmānyaviṣayatve'navastheti kumārilākṣepasyottaram|]
athavā'paraṁ kumārilenābhihitam- “svalakṣaṇaviṣayaṁ pratyakṣaṁ sāmānyalakṣaṇaviṣayamanumānam” iti vacanāt dhūmādisāmānyamanumānagrāhyameva| tatra cānavasthā liṅgagrāhiṇo'pyanumānasya tadanyaliṅgabalenotpatteḥ| tasya ca sāmānyarūpatayā tadanyānumānamānaviṣayatvāt tathā tadanyasyāpīti kasyacidekasyāpi liṅginaḥ pratipattiḥ yugasahasrairapi na sambhavati| kimaṅga punarekena puruṣāyuṣkeṇeti| tathā cāha-

“sāmānyaṁ nānumānena vinā yasya pratīyate|
na ca liṅgavinirmuktamanumānaṁ pravarttate||
asāmānyasya liṅgatvaṁ na ca kenacidiṣyate|
na cānavagataṁ liṅgaṁ kiñcidasti prakāśakam||
tasyāpi cānumānena syādanyena gatiḥ punaḥ|
tadubhdūtiśca liṅgāt syāt sāmānyajñānasaṁhitāt||
tasya cāpyanumānatvaṁ liṅgena ca tadubhdavaḥ|
anumānāntarādeva jñātenaivaṁ ca kalpane||
liṅgaliṅgyanumānānāmānantyādekaliṅgini|
gatiryugasahastreṣu bahuṣvapi na vidyate||”

ityāśaṅkayā''ha “sadhūmaṁ hi” ityādi| evaṁ manyate| yasyānumānantareṇa sāmānyaṁ na pratīyate bhavatu tasyāyaṁ doṣaḥ, asmākaṁ tu pratyakṣapṛṣṭhabhāvinā'pi vikalpena prakṛtivibhramāt sāmānyaṁ pratīyate| liṅgavikalpasya ca svalakṣaṇadarśanāśrayatvāt paramparayā vastupratibandhādavisaṁvādakatvam, maṇiprabhāyāmiva maṇibhrānteḥ| kāryahetutvamapi vikalpāvabhāsino dhūmasāmānyasya liṅgatayā'vasthāpyamānasya kāryadarśanāśrayatayā tadadhyavasāyācca| na hi dhūmasvalakṣaṇasya liṅgatā'vasthāpayituṁ yuktā, tasyāsādhāraṇasya sapakṣe vṛttyabhāvāt, tadaṁśavyāptyayogāt, sādhyasādhanasaṁkalpe vastudarśanāsambhavācceti|

yattūktam ‘sāmānyalakṣaṇaviṣamanumānam‘ iti tatra naivamavadhāryate-sāmānyalakṣaṇaviṣayamanumānameveti| pratyakṣapṛṣṭhabhāvino vikalpasyāpi tadviṣayatvāt tadanyasya ca vikalpasya| kintu sāmānyalakṣaṇaviṣayamevānumānamityavadhāryate svalakṣaṇaviṣayatvaniṣedhārthamiti| tatra saha dhūmena vartata iti “sadhūmaḥ”| pakṣadharmmatāpratipadanārthamevamuktam| vidhivikalpasya caitadeva bījam| taṁ “sadhūmaṁ pradeśaṁ dṛṣṭavataḥ” pratyakṣeṇeti sambandhaḥ| kīdṛśam “arthāntaraviviktarūpam” arthāntaraiḥ sajātīyavijātīyairvviviktamasaṅkīrṇṇaṁ rūpamasyeti vigrahaḥ| sarvvabhāvānāṁ svasvabhāvavyavasthiteḥ svabhāvasāṅkaryābhāvāt| anyathā sarvvasya sarvatropayogādatiprasaṅgaḥ| anena pratiṣedhavikalpasya nimittamākhyātam, sāmānyotprekṣāyāśca bījam| taduktam-

“itaretarabhedo'ntya(sya) bījaṁ saṁjñā yadarthikā”
iti|
tathā hi-arthāntaravyāvṛttiṁ parasparavyāvṛttānāmapi samānāmutpaśyato bhinnameṣāṁ rūpaṁ tirodhāyā'bhinnaṁ svabhāvamāropayantī kalpanotpadyate| “asādhāraṇātmanā” iti arthāntaravyāvṛttena svabhāvena| na tu yathā kumārilo manyate- ‘arthāntaraviveko'bhāvapramāṇagrāhyo na pratyakṣāvaseyaḥ’ iti| nahi vastubalabhāvinā pratyakṣeṇa anyathādarśanasambhavo bhrāntatāprasaṅgāt| tenātmanā dṛṣṭavataḥ sataḥ puṁso'nantaraṁ “smārttaṁ liṅgajñānamutpadyate”iti sambandhaḥ| smṛtireva “smārttam”| liṅgapratibhāsi jñānaṁ “liṅgajñānam”| anena pratyakṣapṛṣṭhabhāvini vikalpe yatsāmānyamābhāti tasya līṅgavyavasthāmāha|

paramārthataḥ kiṁ viṣayaṁ ?| “yathādṛṣṭabhedaparamārtha[viṣayam”].............................................................................

[14. darśanavidhipratiṣedhavikalpeṣu prāmāṇyāprāmāṇyavyavasthā|]
[da]rśanavidhipratiṣedhavikalpānāṁ pramāṇāpramāṇacintāmārabhate| “tatra” teṣu darśanavidhipratiṣedhavikalpeṣu| tadādyaṁ yadetat-

“asti hyālocanājñānaṁ prathamam-” iti
ādau vikalpapravṛtterbhavamiti “ādyam” ākhyātam “asādhāraṇaviṣayam” svalakṣaṇaviṣayaṁ darśanaṁ tad “eva” pramāṇaṁ na vidhipratiṣedhavikalpāvapi| tasyaiva pramāṇalakṣaṇayogāditarayośca tadasambhavāt| tathā hi-anadhigataviṣayatvamarthakriyāsādhanaviṣayatvaṁ ca pramāṇalakṣaṇam| tad darśanasyaivāsti|

tatra “ādyam” ityapūrvvārthavijñānatvamākhyātam “asādhāraṇaviṣayam” iti arthakriyāsādhanaviṣayatvam| svalakṣaṇasyaivārthakriyāsādhanatvāt|

[15. pratiṣedhavikalpasyāprāmāṇyasthāpanam|]
tatra pratiṣedhavikalpasya tāvat pratyakṣagṛhītārthaviṣayatayā smṛtitvaṁ pratipādayannāha- “tasmin” asādhāraṇe “tathābhūte” arthāntarairasaṅkīrṇṇarūpe “darśanena” asaṅkīrṇṇarūpasāmarthyabhāvinā “dṛṣṭe” adhigate “sati”| tathā hi-vyatiriktamapi bhāvāṁśādabhāvāṁśamicchatā bhāvāṁśaḥ svabhāvenāsaṅkīrṇṇarūpaḥ kalpanīyaḥ, anyathā sa evābhāvāṁśo na sidhyet| na ca svabhāvenāsaṅkīrṇṇarūpatāyāmasatyāṁ pṛthagbhūtābhāvāṁśasabhdāve'pi sā yuktimatī, svahetubalāyātasya saṅkīrṇṇarūpasyākiñcitkarābhāvāṁśasambhave'pi tyāgāyogāt| na ca tenaiva tadvināśanam, vināśahetvayogasya pratipādayiṣyamāṇatvāt| tena saṅkīrṇṇarūpavināśane ca varaṁ svahetoreva svabhāvato'saṅkīrṇṇarūpāṇāmudayo'stu kiṁ parivrāḍmodakanyāyopagamena ?| tasmāt svabhāvata eva bhāvānāṁ pararūpavikalatvamabhāvāṁśaḥ nānyaḥ| sa ca tathābhūto darśanena gṛhīta eva| tasmiṁstathābhūte dṛṣṭe “sa” padārtho “yena” vastunā “asādhāraṇaḥ” samānasvabhāvo na bhavati tadrūpavikalasvabhāvatvāt “tadasādhāraṇatāṁ” tena tenātadrūpeṇāsamānasvabhāvatāṁ etadeva vyanakti| “tataḥ” arthāntarād “bhedaṁ” vailakṣaṇyamanyarūpamidaṁ na bhavatīti “abhilapantī” abhimukhayantī dṛṣṭavailakṣaṇye pravartamānatayā “smṛtirutpannā pratyakṣabalena”| yadi tu liṅgabalenotpadyeta vyavacchedaviṣayā'pi smṛtirnna syāditi bhāvaḥ| kiṁ viṣayā ?| “atadvyāvṛttiviṣayā|” tacchabdena darśanaviṣayasya vastunaḥ parāmarśaḥ kṛtaḥ| na tat atat vijātīyam| atasmād vyāvṛttiḥ atavdyāvṛttiḥ| sā viṣayo yasyāḥ sā tathā| athādṛṣṭa evārthāntarebhyo bhedo mayā'pi kalpyate iti pratipatra (ttara) dhyavasāyāccaivamuktam| parāmarthato nirvviṣayatvāt| sā “na pramāṇaṁ” nābhāvapramāṇaphalamityarthaḥ| na hi smṛtijanakatvena pramāṇatā yuktā| kasmāt na pramāṇam ?| yathādṛṣṭasyākāro'bhyāsapāṭavādipratyayāntarasāpekṣo viśeṣastasya grahaṇāt| na hi dṛṣṭimityeva vikalpena gṛhyate, darśanāviśeṣāt sarvvākāreṣu vikalpodayaprasaṅgāt, api tu kaścidevābhyāsādipratyayāpekṣa ityākāragrahaṇenācaṣṭe|

bhavatu yathādṛṣṭākāragrahaṇam| pramāṇaṁ tu kasmānna bhavatīti parasya taduktapramāṇalakṣaṇavirahaṁ darśayannāha- “prāg” ālocanājñānodayakāle “asādhāraṇam” assaṅkīrṇṇarūpaṁ dṛṣṭvā asādhāraṇamarthāntararūpaṁ na bhavatīti “abhilapataḥ” vikalpayataḥ “pratiṣedhavikalpasyāpūrvvārthādhigamābhāvād” apūrvvārthavijñānatāvirahāt| apūrvvārthavijñānaṁ ca pramāṇaṁ bhavatocyata iti bhāvaḥ|

[16. vidhivikalpasyāsyaprāmāṇyavyavasthāpanam|]
yadyuktena prakāreṇa pratiṣedhavikalpo na pramāṇaṁ, vidhivikalpastarhi pramāṇaṁ bhaviṣyati| nahi tasyāpūrvvārthavijñānatvābhāvaḥ sambhavati| tatpratibhāsino'nugatasya sāmānyākārasyāsādhāraṇarūpāvalambinā darśanenānadhigamāt tat kuto'syāprāmāṇyam| taduktam-

“tataḥ paraṁ punarvastu”
ityādi| tadetat kumarilavacanamāśaṅkya vidhivikalpasyāpi prāmāṇyamanupa(mapa)nudannāha- “arthakriyāsādhanasya” svalakṣaṇasya “ālocanājñānena darśanādadṛṣṭasya punastatsādhanasya” arthakriyāsādhanasya svabhāvasya “vikalpenāpratipatteḥ vidhivikalpo na pramāṇam”| yadyapi tenānadhigataṁ sāmānyamadhigamyata iti varṇyate tathā'pi tad arthakriyāsādhanaṁ na bhavati iti tadadhigantā taimirikādijñānaprakhyo vidhivikalpo na pramāṇam|

“tataḥ paraṁ punarvvastu dharmmairjātyādibhiryayā|
budhyāḥ(ddhyā)'vasīyate”
iti cocyate| tatra punarvvastugrahaṇena nirvvikalpakapratyakṣaviṣayasyaiva vastuno jātyādi viśiṣṭasya vikalpabudhyā(ddhyā)'vasāya ucyate| tasya ca nirvvikalpajñānenaivādhigamāt na tatra prāmāṇyam, jātestvarthakriyāsādhanatvābhāvādanadhigatāyā adhigame'pi keśādijñānasyeva na prāmāṇyam| ata evārthakriyāsāmarthyavirahiṇā sāmānyenendriyāṇāṁ samprayogābhāvāt pratyakṣatā'pyasaṁmbhavinī| ‘ca’kāreṇa smṛtitvācceti pūrvoktakāraṇasamuccayaḥ| smṛtitvaṁ cāsyottaratra pratipādayiṣyate| “anumānavad” iti vaidharmyadṛṣṭāntaḥ| yathā pratyakṣeṇārthakriyāsādhane pradeśākhyai dharmmiṇyadhigate'pyanadhigatasyāgnerarthakriyāsādhanasyāsāmānyākāreṇa parokṣasya svalakṣaṇākāreṇa pratipattumaśakyatvāt pratipattirnnaivaṁ vidhivikalpena sāmānyakāreṇānadhigamarthakriyāsādhanamadhigamyate, taisyālocanājñānenaivādhigamāt| tasmiṁ(smin) smṛtirevāsāviti na pramāṇamiti|

[17. arthakriyāsādhanaviṣayajñānasyaiva prāmāṇyasamarthanam|]
“arthakriyāsādhanaviṣayameva pramāṇam” netaraditi kuta etat? iti cet “arthakriyārthī hi” puruṣo yasmāt hitāhitaprāptiparihārārthī “sarvo” na kākatālīyanyāyena kaścideva, “prekṣāvān” buddhipurvvakārī “pramāṇamapramāṇaṁ vā” pramāṇādeva sarvvadā pravarta(rte)ya apramāṇāt mā kadācit, vipralambhasambhavād, “ubhayamanveṣate” na vyasanitayā| tato'yamarthakriyāsādhanaviṣayameva pramāṇaṁ bravīti, tasyārthakriyāsādhane pravṛttyaṅgatvāt| netarat, tadviparītatvāt| tathāhi-pramāṇamavisaṁvādakamapratārakamucyate loke'pi| yaccārthakriyāsādhanamanadhigacchanna tatra pravartayati, kuta eva tat prāpayet tat kathamavisaṁvādakatayā prekṣāpūrvvakārī pramāṇamācakṣīta ?|

[18. sāmānyasya vistareṇāvastutvasādhanam|]
yadyevaṁ sāmānyamapyarthakriyāsādhanameva tatastadviṣayo vidhivikalpaḥ pramāṇaṁ bhaviṣyatīti ced āha-“na ca”naiva “sāmānyaṁ kāñcit” tatsādhyatayopagatāmabhinnajñānābhidhānalakṣaṇāmanyāṁ vā vyaktisādhyām “arthakriyāmupakalpayati”| kīdṛśam ?, “svalakṣaṇapratipatteḥ” vyaktipratipatterālocanājñānasaṁjñitāyā “urddham” uttarakālaṁ “tatsāmarthyotpannavikalpavijñānagrāhyam” iti| tacchabdena svalakṣaṇapratipattiḥ sambadhyate| ‘tataḥ paraṁ punarvvastu’ ityādi parairabhidhānādevaṁ bravīti

darśanapṛṣṭhabhāvino vikalpasya pratyakṣapramāṇatāṁ nirākartum| sarvvameva tu sāmānyaṁ na kāñcidarthakriyāmupakalpayati| yat tu sāmānyamanumānavikalpagrāhyaṁ tat kāraṇavyāpakasambaddhaliṅganiścayadvārā''yātaṁ sambaddhasambandhādanadhigatārthakriyāsādhanaviṣayāmarthakriyāmupakalpayatīti tadviṣayo vikalpaḥ pramāṇam| idaṁ tu naivam, adhigatatvādarthakriyāsādhanasyālocanājñāneneti| atrodāharaṇam “yathā-nīlaṁ dṛṣṭvā nīlamiti jñāne” pratibhāsamānamiti śeṣaḥ| na sāmānyaṁ kāñcidarthakriyāmupakalpayatīti prakṛtena sambandhaḥ|

nanu ca liṅgavikalpapratibhāsi sāmānyaṁ prakṛtam tat kimanyadudāhriyate ?| sarvvasya darśanapṛṣṭhabhāvino vikalpasya paropagatāṁ pratyakṣapramāṇatāṁ tulyanyāyatayā nirākartum| kāṁpunarnnīlamiti vikalpajñāne darśanapṛṣṭhabhāvini pratibhāsamānaṁ sāmānyamarthakriyāṁ nopakalpayati ?| yadi vyaktisādhyām; tadā'nyo'pi padārtho'nyadīyāmarthakriyāṁ nopakalpayatīti tasyāpyanarthakriyāsādhanatvādavastutvaprasaṅgaḥ| atha svasādhyām; tadasiddham, abhinnajñānābhidhānalakṣaṇāyāḥ svasādhyāyāḥ karaṇādityāśaṅkayāha-“tadeva hi” yat tadālocanājñāne nopalabdhaṁ “nīlasvalakṣaṇam” nīlavyaktiḥ “tathāvidhasādhyārthakriyākāri”| tathāvidhaśabdena sāmānyamatrābhipretam, tādṛśaparyāyatvādasya, sādhāraṇarūpasya ca tādṛśatvāt| tena tathāvidhasādhyāṁ nīlasāmānyasādhyāmabhinnajñānābhidhānalakṣaṇāmarthakriyāṁ kartuṁ śīlamasya svalakṣaṇasyeti tat tathoktam|

evaṁ manyate-yathā bhinnā api vyaktayaḥ kayācit pratyāsattyā tadekakāryapratiniyamalakṣaṇayā tadekamabhinnaṁ sāmānyamupakurvvanti, tadaparasāmānyayogamantareṇāpi, anyathā'navasthāprasaṅgāt, tathā'bhinnajñānābhidhānātmikāmapyarthakriyāṁ sādhayiṣyanti| kimapramāṇakena pramāṇabādhitena ca sāmānyenopagatena ?| tathā hi-anumānādike jñāne yathāvidhamasyāspaṣṭaṁ rūpaṁ pratibhāsate na tathāvidhaṁ vyaktiṣu dṛśyamānāsupalakṣayāmaḥ| ekameva hi vyaktidarśanakāle spaṣṭaṁ nīlādirūpaṁ vibhāvayāmaḥ| tat kathamadṛṣṭakalpanayā''tmānaṁ svayameva vipralabhemahi ?| vyaktirūpasaṁsargād ayogolakavanhivadavibhāvanamiti cet; na, sarvvatra bhedābhedavyavasthāyā abhāvaprasaṅgāt| asyottarasyānyatrāpi sulabhatvāt| na ca sāmānyasya dve rūpe staḥ spaṣṭamaspaṣṭaṁ ca, yenaikena darśane pratibhāseta anyenānumānādijñāne, padārthadvayopagamaprasaṅgāt, pratibhāsabhedasyaiva sarvatra bhāvabhedavyavasthānibandhanatvāt, sāmānyasyāparasāmānyaprasakternniḥsāmānyasya cāsyopagamāt|

[19. kumāriloktadvayātmakabuddhernirasanam|]
etenaitadapi nirastam yadāha-
“sarvvavastuṣu buddhiśca vyāvṛttyanugamātmikā|
jāyate dvayātmakatvena vinā sā ca na yujyate||”
“na cātrānyatarā bhrāntirupacāreṇa ceṣyate|
dṛḍhatvāt sarvvadā buddherbhrāntistabhdāntivādinām||”

iti| yato yadīndriyabuddhimabhipretyocyate; tadāsiddham, aspaṣṭasya nīlādyākārasya spaṣṭanīlādyābhāsāyāṁ tatrānupalakṣaṇāt, spaṣṭasyāpi ca dvitīyasyānuyāyinaḥ| tabhdāve ca vyaktidvayāntarālamapyāpnuvataḥ kathaṁ tadanugamaḥ ?| vyāptau(vyaktau) copalabhyasya sataḥ tatrānupalakṣaṇaṁ kutaḥ ?| nahi tasya vyaktāvyaktarūpasambhavaḥ, ekatvāt| tathā cāha-

“vyaktāvekatra sā vyaktā'bhedāt sarvvatragā yadi|
jātirdṛśyeta sarvvatra [sāpi na vyaktapekṣiṇi]||”

iti| ekatrāpi ca vyaktāvupalabhyamānāyāṁ sakalatrailokyavyāpi rūpaṁ sakalasvāśrayavyāpi vā dṛśyeta ?| na hyekasyāḥ kiñcid dṛṣṭamadṛṣṭaṁ vā nāma kṣaṇikatādivad| dṛṣṭāyāmapyekatraivāśraye darśanāvasāyo na sarvvatreti cet; na, vikalpena taddarśanābhyupagamāt| na hi niścayaviṣayīkṛtaṁ cāniścitaṁ ceti yuktam| tataḥ sarvvagatarūpadarśane sarvvārthānāṁ darśanaprasaṅgaḥ| na hi taddarśane tatsahacāriṇa upalabhyasya tadabhinnasvabhāvasya cānupalambho yuktaḥ| tataḥ kathamindriyabuddherdvyātmakatā ?|

athānumānādibuddhim; tasyāmapi svalakṣaṇāpratibhāsanāt kuto dvayātmakatvam ?| na hi tāsu sāmānyagrāhiṇīṣvaspaṣṭo vyaktyākāra iva lakṣyamāṇaḥ svalakṣaṇapratibhāsaḥ| tadabhāve'pi tāsāṁ bhavāt| ākārāntareṇa ca svajñāne[']pratibhāsanāt anekākārāyogād ekasya, apratiprasaṅgācca| tasmānneyaṁ bhinnārthagrāhiṇyabhinnā sāmānyabuddhiḥ pratibhāti svalakṣaṇobhdavā satī| kintvanādivitatha vikalpābhyāsavāsanājanitā satī tathā'vabhāsate| dṛḍhatvaṁ ca buddhernnāvināśitvam, kṣaṇikatvābhyupagamāt kintvabādhyamānatvam| na cāsyāstat sambhavati, leśato bādhakasyoktatvāt| vistaratastu syāvdādabhaṅgād yathāvasaramihaiva tatra tatra vidhāsyamānād bādhakamavadhāryam| tasmād yathā vyaktayaḥ sāmānyāntaramantareṇa tadekamupakurvvanti tathā'bhinnajñānābhidhāne api pravartayiṣyantīti tadeva nīlasvalakṣaṇaṁ sāmānyasādhyatvopagatārthakriyākāri|

[20. kumāriladattasya doṣasya saugatabuddhyabādhakatvadarśanam|]
yastu-
“sāmānyaṁ nānyadiṣṭaṁ cet tasya vṛtternniyākam|
gotvenā'pi vinā kasmād gobuddhirnna niyamyate||
yathā tulye'pi bhinnatve keṣucid vṛttyavṛttitā|
gotvāderanimittā'pi tatha buddhirbhaviṣyati||”

iti pūrvvapakṣayitvā-
“viṣayeṇa hi buddhīnāṁ vinā notpattiriṣyate|
viśeṣādanyadicchanti sāmānyaṁ tena tad dhruvam||
tā hi tena vinotpannā mithyā syurvviṣayādṛte|
na tvanyena vinā vṛttiḥ sāmānyasyeha duṣyati||”

iti mithyātvaprasaṅgadoṣa ukto nāsau tathāgatasamayanayāvadātabuddhīn bādhate| sāmānyabuddhīnāṁ bādhakapratyayanibandhanasya mithyātvasyopagatatvāt| tathā hi-

“kasmāt sāsnādimatsveva gotvaṁ ? yasmāt tadātmakam|
tādātmyamasya kasmāt cet, svabhāvāditi gamyatām||”

iti vacanāt ‘vyaktisvabhāvaṁ ca sāmānyam| na cāsādhāraṇam vyaktyudayavināśayordhyā(yośca) nodayavyayayogi’ ityuyuktam, viruddhadharmmādhyāsato bhedaprasaṅgāditi| āha ca-

“tādātmyaṁ cetmataṁ jātervyaktijanmanyajātatā|
nāśe'nāśaśca keneṣṭaḥ ? tadvaccā'nanvayo na kim ?||
vyaktijanmanyajāta cedāgatā nāśrayāntarāt|
prāgāsīnna ca taddeśe sā tayā saṅgatā katham ?||
vyaktināśe na cennaṣṭā gatā vyaktyantaraṁ na ca|
tacchūnye na sthitā deśe sā jātiḥ kveti kathyatām||
vyakterjanmādiyoge'pi yadi jāteḥ sa neṣyate|
tādātmyaṁ kathamiṣṭaṁ syādanupaplutacetasām||” iti|

[21. nīlavikalpasyāprāmāṇyasamarthanam|]
yadi nīlasvalakṣaṇameva sāmānyasādhyārthakriyākāri tadeva tarhyadhigacchan vikalpaḥ pramāṇaṁ bhaviṣyatītyāha-“tacca” nīlakhalakṣaṇam| “tenātmanā” nīlasādhyārthakriyākāriṇā svabhāvena “dṛṣṭameva” ālocanāpratyayena| tato niṣpāditakriye karmmaṇyaviṣeṣādhāyi vikalpajñānaṁ kathaṁ pramāṇaṁ syāt ?| atha matam- sāmānyameva tarhyadhigacchan nīlavikalpaḥ pramāṇamastu| tacca sāmānyamarthakriyākāri| yato nīlasādhyāmevārthakriyāṁ nīlena saha sambhūya kariṣyati| vyaktisvabhāvānyeva hi sāmānyānītyāha- “na ca” naiva “tat svalakṣaṇagrahaṇottarakālabhāvino” nīlavyaktidarśanottarakālaṁ bhavanaśīlasya| liṅgagrahaṇottarakālabhāvinastu pūrvvoktena prakāreṇa vyaktisādhyārthakriyā sāmānyasya kalpitasya vyavasthāpayituṁ śakyata iti bhāvaḥ| “nīlavikalpasya viṣayeṇa” nīlasāmānyena “nīlasādhyārthakriyā” rañjanādikā “kriyate”| tasya vyaktisvābhāvyāyoge sati kalpitarūpasya tadasambhavāt| na ca nityasvabhāvatāmābibhrāṇena nīlavikalpasya viṣayeṇa nīlasādhyā'nyā vā'rthakriyā kriyate| kramayaugapadyavirodhāditi manyate|

[22. mīmāṁsakasaṁmatapramāṇalakṣaṇe doṣadarśanam|]
tadevaṁ ‘nīlaṁ dṛṣṭvā nīlam’ iti jñāne pratibhasamānaṁ sāmānyaṁ na kāñcidarthakriyāmupakalpayatīti prasādhya anarthakriyākāriviṣayasyāpi vikalpasya pratyakṣapṛṣṭhabhāvinaḥ prāmāṇyaprasaṅgādativyāptiriti “tatrāpūrvārthavijñānam” iti pramāṇalakṣaṇe mīmāṁsakairvviśeṣaṇamupādeyamiti darśayannāha-“tasmād” yata evamanarthakriyāsādhanaviṣayatayā darśanapṛṣṭhabhāvino vikalpasya prāmāṇyamayuktam tasmādasmadabhimataṁ “pramāṇamavisaṁvādi jñānam” iti pramāṇalakṣaṇaṁ vyudasya “anadhigatārthaviṣayaṁ pramāṇam”, “tatrāpūrvvārthavijñānaṁ pramāṇam” “iti api” etasminnapyāhopuruṣikayā'nyasmiṁ(smin) “pramāṇalakṣaṇe” kriyamāṇe “ativyāptiparihārāya viśeṣaṇīyaṁ” viśeṣaṇamupādeyam| kathaṁ viśeṣaṇīyam “anadhigate svalakṣaṇe iti”| anena hi viśeṣaṇenānumānavikalpasya ca prāmāṇyaṁ sidhyati, ālocanājñānapṛṣṭhabhāvinaśca vikalpasya prāmāṇyaṁ vyudasyata iti sarvvaṁ sustham|

tadevaṁ vidhivikalpasyānarthakriyāsādhanaviṣayatayā'nadhigatasāmānyadhigame'pi prāmāṇyaṁ nirākṛtya caśabdasamuccitaṁ smṛtitvaṁ pratiṣedhavikalpena sādhāraṇamaprāmāṇyakāraṇaṁ darśayannāha-“adhigate tu svalakṣaṇe” ālocanājñānena “tatsāmarthyajanmā” svalakṣaṇādhigamabalabhāvī “vikalpastadanukārī” sākṣādanutpatterddarśanasaṁskārādheyavaśaccāspa(cca spa)ṣṭanīlasvalakṣaṇākārānukārī dṛśyavikalpyayoścaikīkaraṇādevamucyate| vastutastu na kiñcidasāvanukaroti| “sa smṛtireva”| kutaḥ ? “kāryatastadviṣayatvāt” na paramārthataḥ| kāryamatra svalakṣaṇe puruṣasya pravartanam, tadadhyavasāyaśca| yataśca kāryataḥ tadviṣayatvāt smṛtirevāto “na pramāṇam” darśanabalotpanno vikalpaḥ| tathā hi-smṛterapyanubhūtasvalakṣaṇāṁśaviṣayāyā na paramārthatastadviṣayatvam| svalakṣaṇasyendriyabuddhāviva sphuṭarūpatayā smṛtāvapratibhāsanāt| kintu yathoktāt kāryata eva| tacca vidhivikalpe'pi samānamiti kathamasau smṛtirnna syāditi|

[23. anumānasya vidhivikalpavailakṣaṇyena prāmāṇyasamarthanam|]
tatraitat syāt-nanvanumānavikalpaḥ smṛtirūpo'pi pramāṇamiṣyate| tathā hi-yadevānagnivyāvṛttaṁ vastumātraṁ mahānasādāvanubhūtamāsīt tadeva pradeśaviśeṣe dhūmadarśanāt smaryate| tadvad vidhivikalpo'pi pramāṇaṁ bhaviṣyatītyata āha-“anadhigata”sya “vastu”no “rūpa”sya “anadhigateriti”| evammanyate-yat mahānasādāvanagnivyāvṛttaṁ vastumātraṁ prāganubhūtaṁ na tat taddeśādisambandhitayaivānumānavikalpena smaryate kintu yatra pradeśe prāgananubhūtaṁ tatsambandhitayā| tataḥ sādhyadharmmidṛṣṭāntadharmmigrāhidarśanadvayānadhigatasyānagnivyāvṛttasya vasturūpasyāyogavyavacchedenādhigamād yuktamasya prāmāṇyam| na tu darśanapṛṣṭhabhāvino vikalpasya, tadviparītatvāditi|

[24. pramāṇavyavasthāyāḥ vastvadhiṣṭhānatvaṁ, svalakṣaṇasyaiva ca vastutvam|]
yadi nāmānadhigataṁ vasturūpaṁ nādhigacchati, pramāṇaṁ tu kasmānna bhavatīti ced āha-“vastvadhiṣṭhānatvāt” ityādi| vastvadhiṣṭhānatvaṁ ca “pramāṇavyavasthāyāḥ” pramāṇavyāpāraviṣayamabhipretyocyate nālambanalakṣaṇam, anyathā'numānasya parikalpitasāmānyālambanatayā vastvadhiṣṭhānatvābhāvādavyāpinī pramāṇavyavasthā syād| yadi vastvadhiṣṭhānā pramāṇavyavasthā kathaṁ viprakṛṣṭaviṣayāyā anupalabdheḥ prāmāṇyam iti cet; tatrāpi pradhānādivikalpasyaiva bhāvānupādānatayā sādhyatvāt tasyā api vastvadhiṣṭhānatā'styevetyadoṣaḥ|

atha vastvadhiṣṭhānaiva pramāṇavyavastheti kuta etad ? ityāha-“arthakriyāyāṁ” sukhaduḥkhalakṣaṇāyāṁ yad “yogyaṁ” śaktaṁ “tadviṣayatvāt tadarthinām” arthakriyārthināṁ “pravṛtteḥ” prāptityāgalakṣaṇāyāḥ| yadi nāmarthakriyāyogye tadarthināṁ pravṛttistathāpi kathaṁ vastvadhiṣṭhānā pramāṇavyavasthā ?, arthakriyāyogyādhiṣṭhānā hi tathā sati syāt iti cet; āha-“arthakriyā”yāṁ yad “yogyaṁ” ta“llakṣaṇa”meva “hi vastu”| tato'rthakriyāyogyādhiṣṭhānatvena vastvadhiṣṭhānatvaṁ kathaṁ na syāt iti bhāvaḥ|

idaṁ ca vastvāśrayeṇa pramāṇavyavasthāpratipādanamanadhigate svalakṣaṇa ityukte kadācit paro brūyāt-vastumātranibandhanā hi pramāṇavyavasthā na svalakṣaṇāśrayaiva| tato yadyapyanadhigataṁ svalakṣaṇaṁ nādhigacchati tathāpyanadhigatavasturūpamadhigacchato vikalpasya prāmāṇyaṁ bhaviṣyatīti tadasiddhatobhdāvanārthamuktam- “anadhigatavasturūpe”tyādi| tadasiddhatobhdāvane cānadhigatavasturūpādhigantureva prāmānyaṁ netarasyeti kutaḥ ? iti paryanuyoge “arthakriyāyogye”tyādi uktam| tathā ca vastuviṣayamapi prāmāṇyaṁ bruvatā svalakṣaṇaviṣayamevoktaṁ bhavati, tasyaivārthakriyāsāmarthyalakṣaṇatvāt, sāmānyasya ca tadviparītatvāt iti manyate|

punarapyanubhavottarakālabhāvino nīlavikalpasya prāmāṇyamapanetumupacayahetumāha-“tato'pi” yathoktād vikalpād na kevalaṁ nīlasvalakṣaṇānubhavād “vastunyeva” svalakṣaṇa eva “tadadhyavasāyena” svalakṣaṇādhyavasāyena anyathā tatra pravṛttyayogāt “puruṣasya pravṛtte” adhigate svalakṣaṇe tatsāmarthyajanmā vikalpo na pramāṇamiti sambandhaḥ| pūrvvamanadhigatavasturūpānadhigateraprāmāṇyamuktam| adhunā tvadhigatasyaivādhigamāditi vidhipratiṣedharūpatayopapattyorbhedaḥ| yadvā “kāryatastadviṣayatvāt” iti yaduktaṁ tadevopacayahetuvyājena sphuṭīkṛtanam|

[25. vikalpasya darśanāt pṛthakpramāṇyābhāvaḥ|]
yadi nāma tadadhyavasāyena vastunyeva puruṣasya pravṛttistathāpyanadhigatasāmānyagrāhiṇo'sya darśanāt pṛthak prāmāṇyaṁ kimiti neṣyate? iti cet; āha-“pravṛttau” svalakṣaṇa eva satyāṁ “pratyakṣeṇa” ālocanājñānākhyena “abhinnayogakṣematvāt”| yogaḥ aprāptasya viṣayasya paricchedalakṣaṇā prāptiḥ, kṣemaḥ tadarthakriyānuṣṭhānalakṣaṇaṁ paripālanam| abhinnau yogakṣemāvasyeti sa tathoktaḥ| tatra vikalpasya nirvvikalpapratyakṣeṇābhinno yogaḥ svalakṣaṇādhyavasāyataḥ| abhinnaḥ kṣema ālocanāvijñānādiva vikalpādapi svalakṣaṇa eva pravṛtteḥ| ayamasyābhiprāyaḥ-yadi vikalpo nirvikalpacetasaḥ prameyāntaraviṣayastadā tatraiva puruṣaṁ pravartayatu tatsādhyāmarthakriyāmadhigantum| naiva vā pravartayet, tadviṣayatvābhimatasya sāmānyasyābhinnajñānalakṣaṇāyā evārthakriyāyā upagamād vikalpodayādeva ca tatsiddheḥ| nahi nīlānubhavāt prameyāntaraviṣayāḥ pītādipratyayāḥ puruṣaṁ nīlavastuni pravartayanti, sādhitārthakriyā vā kvacidapīti| tasmādālocanājñānānaivāyaṁ prameyāntaraviṣayaḥ| viśeṣeṇa yaireva vyākhyāyate-

“nirvikalpakabodhena dvayātmakasyāpi vastunaḥ|
grahaṇam”
iti| tato nīladarśanasyaiva nirvikalpasya prāmāṇyaṁ yuktam, na tadabhinnopayogasya smṛteriva vikalpasyāpi darśanāt pṛthageva| anyathā niṣphalāṁ pramāṇāntarakalpanāṁ kurvvataḥ smṛticchādveṣaprayatnādi pramāṇamanuṣajyata iti pramāṇānāmiyattā viśīryeteti|

[26. dhārāvāhikajñāneṣu yogitaditarāpekṣayā prāmāṇyāprāmāṇye|]
yadaikasminneva nīlādivastuni dhārāvāhīnīndriyajñānānyutpadyante tadā pūrvveṇābhinnayogakṣematvād uttareṣāmindriyajñānānāmaprāmāṇyaprasaṅgaḥ| na caivam, ato'nekānta iti pramāṇasaṁplavavādī darśayannāha-“pūrvvapratyakṣakṣaṇena” ityādi| etat pariharati-“na”, uttareṣāṁ prāmāṇyaprasaṅgaḥ| kutaḥ ?| “nānāyogakṣematvāt”| tathā hi-pratikṣaṇaṁ viṣayaparicchedalakṣaṇo yogaḥ, tadarthakriyānuṣṭhānalakṣaṇaśca kṣemaḥ paripālanarūpo bhidyate| tato vipakṣe vṛttyabhāvāt na heturanaikāntikaḥ| kadā nānāyogakṣematvam ?| “kṣaṇaviśeṣasādhyārthavāñchāyām”| yadā kṣaṇaviśeṣasādhye'rthe hitāhitalakṣaṇe vāñchā prāptiparihārecchā yogināṁ paropakāramuddiśya bhavati kasyacit kathañcit kvacidupayogāt tadā| yathā darśanamārgge duḥkhe dharmmajñānakṣāntirddamānāmanuśayānāṁ vāsanāṁ nirodhayati, tadviruddhāśayotpādanāt| duḥkhe dharmmajñānaṁ kleśaviviktatālakṣaṇāṁ nirvvāṇaprāptimutpādayati, anuśayaviruddhāśayadārḍhyotpādanāt| tat eṣāṁ grāhakāṇi paracittajñānāni pṛthageva pramāṇāni| parahitādhānadīkṣāvatāṁ ca samastavastuvistaravyāpijñānālokāvabhāsitāntarātmanāṁ bhagavatāṁ kaścidevārthakṣaṇaḥ kasyacideva parārthasyānugrāhako biabandhako veti sarvvabhāvān pratikṣaṇaṁ vīkṣamāṇānāmadhyakṣacetasāṁ tadviṣayakṣaṇānāṁ bhinnārthakriyāsūpayogato nānāyogakṣematvāt| tad yadi pratikṣaṇaṁ kṣaṇavivekadarśino'dhikṛtyocyate tadā bhinnopayogitayā pṛthak prāmāṇyāt nānekāntaḥ| atha sarvvapadārtheṣvekatvā'dhyavasāyinaḥ sāṁvyavahārikān puruṣānabhipretyocyate tadā sakalameva nīlasantānamekamarthaṁ sthirarūpaṁ tatsādhyāṁ cārthakriyāmekātmikāmadhyavasyantīti prāmāṇyamapyuttareṣāmaniṣṭameveti kuto'nekāntaḥ ? iti darśayannāha-“sādhāraṇe hi” iti| tatsantānavarttināṁ sarvvakṣaṇānāmekatvenādhyavasitānāṁ vyavahartṛbhiryat sādhāraṇaṁ pratikṣaṇamanyānyakāraṇatayā vibhinnamapi paramārthato viparyāsādekatāyā'bhiniviṣṭaṁ rañjanādikaṁ nīlādikakārtyaṁ tatra “na teṣām” uktareṣāṁ jñānakṣaṇānāṁ “sāmarthya” syārthaprāpaṇaśakte“rbhedaḥ”| pūrvvapratyakṣakṣaṇaviṣaya eva tebhyo'pi pravṛtterādyasyaiva tatra prāmāṇyam| tathā hi-arthakriyārthināṁ tatsādhanaprāpaṇasamarthe jñāne pramāṇavyavahāraṁ kurvvatāmaviklavadhiyāmarthakriyāsādhanabhedādeva prāmāṇyabhedavyavahāro jñāneṣu yuktaḥ anyathā smṛtyāderapi prāmāṇyaprasaṅgaḥ kathamapākriyeta ?, ādriyeta vā niṣphalā pramāṇavyavasthā prekṣāvatā iti ?|

keṣāmiva sādhāraṇe kārye na sāmarthyabhedaḥ ? ityāha- “aparāpare” ca te “dhūmā”śca taiḥ “pramitā”śca te “sannikṛṣṭāgraya”śca teṣviva tadviṣayāṇamiva “anumānajñānāmagnimātrasādhye'rthe” sandhukṣaṇādike vāñchite tadarthakriyāsādhanaprāpaṇavyaktibhedābhāvāt yathā prāmāṇyabhedo na yukto viduṣāṁ tathā'trāpi| yadā tu pañcatapastaptukāmo bhavati tadā'parāparadhūmapramitasannikṛṣṭāgniviṣayāṇāmapyanumānānāṁ sāmarthyabhedāt prāmāṇyamanivāritameva|

[27. vikalpaprāmāṇyanirāsasya phalitārthaḥ|]
tadevaṁ ‘yathā nīlaṁ dṛṣṭvā nīlamiti jñān(m)’ ityudāharaṇe nīlavikalpasya prāmāṇyaṁ nirākṛtya prakṛte yojayannāha- “etena” nīlasvalakṣaṇadarśanottarakālabhāvino nīlavikalpasya prāmāṇyanirākaraṇena|

“tanneṣṭatvād vikalpasyārtharūpopakāriṇaḥ|”
iti brūvatā kumārilena pradeśādidarśanottarakālabhāvino dharmmivikalpasya, tatā sambandhapratipattikāle'gnisvalakṣaṇadarśanasāmarthyabhāvino'gnisāmānyaviṣayasya sādhyadharmmavikalpasya, dhūmālocanājñānapṛṣṭhabhāvino dhūmasāmānyavabhāsino liṅgavikalpasya, ādigrahaṇād, dharmmadharmmisambandhavikalpasya ca pramāṇapṛṣṭhabhāvino “ dharmmyādisvarūpamātraviṣayālocanākhyapratyakṣapūrvvakasya”

“na cāvikalpyaliṅgasya dharmmisambandhayostathā
gṛhītiḥ”
ityākṣepabhayād yad abhyupagataṁ “prāmāṇyaṁ” tat “pratyuktaṁ” pratyākhyātam| pūrvvakameva svalakṣaṇaviṣayaṁ darśanaṁ yat pareṇālocanājñānamiti vyavahṛta tat pramāṇaṁ na tu tadvalabhāvī vikalpo yathoktena nyāyeneti sthitametat-“pakṣadharmmasya sādhyadharmmiṇi pratyakṣato'numānato vā prasiddhiḥ” niścaya iti|

tadevaṁ pratyakṣataḥ pakṣadharmmaniścayaṁ bruvatā prasaṅgena darśanapṛṣṭhabhāvino vikalpasya prāmāṇyanirākaraṇāt

“pratyakṣaṁ kalpanāpoḍham”
iti pratipāditam|

[28. anumānaprādhānyajñāpanam]
yadyevaṁ kasmad “anumānavyutpādanārthamidamārabhyate” ityuktam na sāmānyena ‘samyagjñānavyutpādanārtham’ iti ?| saṅkhayādivipratipattirapyatra tadviṣayā nirastaiva| parokṣārthapratipatteranumāna[mevāśra]yaḥ| kasmād ? yataḥ pakṣadharmma eva tadaṁśena vyāpta eva ca hetuḥ kāraṇaṁ tasyāḥ, nānya ityabhidhānāt parokṣārthaviṣayaṁ sarvvaṁ pramāṇamanumāne'ntarbhāvitamiti saṅkṣepataḥ saṅkhayāvipratipattiḥ samyagjñānaviṣayā nirastā| tathā, vyāpakāṁśasya gamyatvapratīteḥ tadaṁśavyāptivacanena sāmānyaviṣayamanumānaṁ na svalakṣaṇaviṣayamityākhyātam tasyāsādhāraṇatvāt, asādhāraṇasya ca vyāpakatvāyogāt, vikalpāviṣayatvācca| “tatra tadādyamasādhāraṇaviṣayam” ityācakṣāṇena svalakṣaṇaviṣayameva pratyakṣamuktam| “darśanameva pramāṇam” ityākhyānāt pramāṇameva phalamiti sūcitam, tasyārthapratītirūpatvāt| tathā, tasya dvidhā prayoga iti vakṣyamāṇatvāt parārthānumānaṁ kathayiṣyate, tasya trirūpaliṅgākhyānarūpatvāt| saṅkṣepataścānumānavyutpādanamapyabhimatam| tacca sarvvatrāsyeveti kasmāt “anumānavyutpādanārtham” ityuktam ?|

satyam, prādhānyāt tu tadgrahaṇam| tatā hi-pradhānapuruṣārthopayoginastattvasya caturāryasatyalakṣaṇasyānumānata eva niścayāt tasya prādhānyam| tathā pratyakṣe'pi viṣaye vivādasambhave, nānumānādanyannirṇṇayanibandhanam ityato'pyasya prādhānyam| pravartakatvācca prādhānyamasya| tathā hi-yadanubhūtaphalaṁ sukhaduḥkhasādhanam, anubhūyamānaphalaṁ vā dṛśyamānaṁ tatpravṛttiviṣayo nispannatvāt phalasya| tasmād yadanāgataphalaṁ sukhaduḥkhasādhanaṁ pratyakṣamapi tatrāpyanumānameva pravartakam| na hi tasyānāgate sukhaduḥkhe prati yogyatāṁ pratyakṣaṁ nirddhārayati, phalasya parokṣatvāt| taduktam-“ na hyapratyakṣe kārye kāraṇabhāvagatiḥ” iti|

tasmāt pūrvvānubhūtasukhaduḥkhasādhanasādharmyāt pratyakṣaviṣayasyāpi vastuno'nāgataphalayogyatāniścayaḥ na pratyakṣataḥ| tathā cāha-“tadyathādṛṣṭasādharmyāt tathāprasādhitaṁ nānumeyatāmatipatati” iti| kathaṁ tarhi dvayorapi pravartakatvam ? “na hyābhyāmarthaṁ paricchidya pravartamāno'rthakriyāyāṁ visaṁvādyate” ityuktam| sukhaduḥkhasādhanasya jalānalādeḥ svarūpasya pratyakṣataḥ prasiddheḥ, phalamanāgataṁ prati yogyatāyā anumānata ityubhayorapi pravartakatvam| samyagjñānapūrvvakatvaṁ ca hitāhitaprāptiparihārayoraktam na tvanāgataphalaṁ prati yogyatāyāḥ pratyakṣato'niścayāt| na hyarvvāgdarśināṁ bhāviphalayogyatāyāstato niścayaḥ, tataḥ prādhānyādanumānagrahaṇamityalamativistareṇeti|

[29. svabhāvahetāvanvayaniścayaḥ svapramāṇāyattaḥ|]
tatra svabhāvakāryānupalambhānāṁ pakṣadharmmaniścayastulyopāyasādhyatayā'bhedenaivoktaḥ anvayavyatirekaniścayasya tu bhinnopāyasādhyatayā bhedenaiva nirddeśaḥ kārya iti svabhāvahetau tāvadanvayaniścayaṁ svapramāṇanibandhanaṁ darśayannāha-“anvayaniścayo'pi” na kevalaṁ pakṣadharmmaniścaya uktaḥ kintvanvayaniścayo'pi “svabhāvahetau” ucyata iti śeṣaḥ| “sādhanadharmma” sya yad “bhāvamātraṁ” sattāmātraṁ mugdarādinimittantarānapekṣaṁ tasya “anubandho” anugamanaṁ vyāptiḥ tasya “siddhiḥ” yā sa svabhāvahetāvanvayaniścayaḥ| kasya sādhanadharmmabhāvamātrānubandhasiddhiḥ?| “sādhyadharmmasya” sādhyaścāsau asiddhatvāt dharmmadharmmisamudayaikadeśatvāt dharmmaśceti tathoktaḥ| yatra yatra sādhanadharmmasya bhāvaḥ tatra tatra sādhyadharmmasyāpi nimittāntarānapekṣo bhava ityetasyārthasya siddhiḥ svabhāvahetāvanvayaniścayaḥ| kathaṁ punaḥ sādhyadharmmaḥ sādhanadharmmabhāvamātramanubadhnāti| ? “tabhdāvatayā” sa sādhanadharmo bhāvaḥ-svabhāvo yasya tasya bhāvatayā tabhdāvatayā| yo hi sādhanadharmmaḥ sādhyadharmmasya svabhāvaḥ sa kathaṁ taṁ nānubadhnīyāt, nīrūpatvaprasaṅgāt ?|

[30. svabhāvahetāvaikyepi sādhyasādhanabhāvavyavasthā|]
nanu tatsvabhāvatve bhedābhāvāt kathaṁ sādhyasādhanabhāvaḥ ? ityāha-“vastutaḥ” paramārthataḥ| sādhyasādhanasaṁkalpakāle tu paramparayā tattadvayāvṛttapadārthanibandhanāyāṁ kalpanābuddhau bhedena pratibhāsanāt sādhyasādhanabhāvo na vihanyate| na hyasau pāramārthikaṁ sādhyasādhanadharmmayorddharmiṇaśca kṛtakatvādau bhedamavalambate, sambandhābhāvena sādhyasādhanabhāvāyogāt|

ekārthasamavāyaḥ kṛtakatvānityatvādeḥ sambandhaḥ iti cet; na, tasyāpi tato'rthāntaratve ‘ayamanayorasminnarthe samavāyaḥ’ iti sambandhābhāvasya tadavasthatvāt, sambandhāntarakalpanāyāṁ cānavasthāprasaṅgāt| samavāyād vṛttikalpanāyāṁ ca kṛtakatvādayo nityābhimateṣvapyātmādiṣu varteran| ya eva hi kṛtakatvādeḥ śabde samavāyo yabdalāt tatraiva tad vartate sa eva nityābhimateṣvapi, tasyaikatvenopagatatvāt ityātmādau vṛttiḥ kṛtakatvādeḥ kena nivāryeta ?| atha ‘ya evābhūtvā bhavanadharmmā bhūtvā cābhavanadharmmā'sthirarūpo bhāvaḥ tatraiva kṛtakatvādayo dharmmā vartante ’ iti vyavasthāpyate| saiva tarhyabhūtvā bhavanasvabhāvatā bhūtasya cāsthirasvabhāvatā tadviparītarūpasamāropavyavacchedaviṣayāyāḥ kalpanābuddhernibandhanaṁ kiṁ neṣyate ?| tayaiva paramārthābhedavatorddharmmayoḥ sādhyadharmmiṇi vṛtteḥ kimantarālagaḍunā kṛtakatvādinā vyatirekavatā upagatena ?| tathā hi-na sattāmātreṇa kṛtakatvādayo dharmmāḥ sādhyadharmmapratipattinibandhanam, teṣāṁ sadā sannihitatvenānavarataṁ taddharmmapratītiprasaṅgāt, kintu vikalpapratibhāsina eva| sa ca vikalpaḥ svapratibhāsinamevakāraṁ bahīrūpatayā'dhyavasitamanusaran kṛtakānityādirūpatāṁ vastunaḥ pratipadyate, paramārthato'saṁsparśe'pi tadrūpasya, paramparayā tadupādānatvāt| vyatiriktāstu dharmmāstudutpattinimittamātratayā parikalpyante, tad varaṁ yadeva tatkalpanānnibandhanaṁ tadeva tathāvidhavikalpaprasavanimittamastu, tasyāvaśyamabhyupagamanīyatvāt, tadabhyupagame ca caritārthā vyatirekavanto dharmmā ityalaṁ tatkalpanayā| avaśyaṁ ca vyatiriktā'nityatādvāreṇāpi vastuna evānavasthāyinamātmānaṁ pratipadyate, tadanurūpārthakṛ(kri)yārthitayā pravṛtteḥ, anyathā vyatiriktā'nityatayā nityatvāt tadavagamārthitvenāyamanityasādhyārthakriyārthī nityaṁ śabdādikamāśaṅkamānaḥ kimanityatāvicāraṁ prati āhītāsthaḥ ?| vyatiriktāyāṁ cānityatāyāmavagatāyāṁ tatraiva pravartatām, kimiti nitye śabdātmani ?| tadvā(ddvā)reṇa pratipatteḥ iti cet; tat kimanena vyavadhinā ?| varamavyavahitasyaiva pratipattirastu, tenaivārthitvāditi| tadetadatipracarccyamānamatigahanaṁ sampadyata ityāstāṁ tāvat|

ye'pi jaiminīyā manyante- ‘yeṣāmatyantavyatirekavanto dharmmāḥ teṣāmevāyaṁ naiyāyikādīnāṁ doṣaḥ, asmākaṁ tu kathañcid bhedābhedavatāṁ dharmmāṇāṁ tatsvabhāvatayā naiṣa doṣaḥ’ iti; teṣāmapi vastutaḥ sādhanadharmmarūpatopagame sādhyadharmmasya, kathañcid bhedābhyupagame na kiñcit phalamutpaśyāmaḥ, sādhyasādhanabhāvasya kalpitabhedadvāreṇāpyupapatteḥ| na caikātmye kathañcidapi bhedo yuktaḥ, ekasmāt svabhāvādabhedāt| tato'pi tayoḥ kathañcid bhedābhedau sta eveti cet; na, anavasthāprasaṅgāt| tathā hi-dharmmayostadekasvabhāvādapi bhedavatostena svabhāvena kathañcidabhedanimittamabhinno'paraḥ svabhāvo'bhyupagantavyaḥ, tathā tenā'pyaparaḥ ityanantaiva bhinnābhinnasvabhāvaparamparā syāt| na ca kalpanābuddhāvanantobhayarūpasvabhāvaparamparā pratibhāsata iti kimiti tatkalpanayā''tmānaṁ vipralabhante bhavantaḥ ?| kathañcit ca bhedopagamāt kathaṁ bhedapakṣabhāvināṁ doṣāṇāmanavasaraḥ ?| yaṁ cātmānaṁ purodhāya ‘imau dharmmau, ayaṁ dharmmī’ iti vyavasthāpyate yadi tena bhedastadā bheda eveti kuto'nekāntavādaḥ ?| athābhedaḥ; tadā ‘ayaṁ sādhanadharmmaḥ, ayaṁ sādhyadharmmaḥ, dharmmī cāyam’ iti kathaṁ pāramārthikaṁ tṛ(tri)tayaṁ sidhyet ?| tasmāt tattatpararūpavyāvṛttisamāśrayāyāṁ kalpanābuddhau bhedavatāmiva dharmmadharmmiṇāṁ pratibhāsanāt sādhyasādhanabhāvaḥ| tanmātrānubandhastu vastutaḥ tattatsvabhāvatayaiva yuktaḥ iti manyamānena “vastutastabhdāvatayā” ityuktam|

[31. bāghakapramāṇādeva svabhāvahetau sādhyasādhanatādātmyam|]
kā punarasau vastutastabhdāvatā yayā hetubhūtayā sādhyadharmmasya sādhanadharmmabhāvamātrānubandhaḥ sidhyati ? ityāha- “sā” vastutastabhdāvatā “sādhya”sya “viparyayo” vipakṣaḥ tatra, “hetoḥ” yad “bādhakaṁ pramāṇaṁ” tadviparītadharmmapratyavasthāpakam, yena bādhyamāno hetustatra na pravartate, viruddhayorekatra sahabhāvāsambhavāt, tasya yā “vṛtti” pravṛttiḥ “bādhakapramāṇavṛttiḥ” tatsādhyatvācca vastutastabhdāvatāyāḥ sā bādhakapramāṇavṛttiruktā| tasyāṁ hi satyāṁ vipakṣāt nivṛtto hetuḥ sādhyadharmmavatyeva dharmmiṇi vartate iti sādhyadharmmasyānarthāntarasya sādhanadharmmasvabhāvatā sidhyati| “tayā ca” vastutastabhdāvatayā sādhanadharmmabhāvamātrānubandhaḥ sādhyadharmmasya sidhyatīti “anvayaniścayaḥ” ‘yatra yatra sādhanadharmmastatra tatra sādhyadharmmaḥ’ ityevaṁrūpo jāyate|

atrodāharaṇaṁ “yathā-yat sat tat kṣaṇikameva|” avadhāraṇena vyāptimāha| sādhanadharmmabhāvamātrānubandhasya caitadrūpamākhyātaṁ, nimittāntaramantareṇa sat ityeva kṛtvā kṣaṇikamityupadarśanāt| sa ca vastutastabhdāvatayā sidhyatīti tatsiddhyupāyaṁ bādhakapramāṇavṛttiṁ darśayati-“akṣaṇikatve” kṣaṇikaviparyaye sati “artha kriyāvirodhāt” arthasya- kāryasya kriyā- niṣpattistasyā virodhāt “tallakṣaṇaṁ” sā'rthakriyā lakṣaṇaṁ yasya “vastutvasya” arthakriyāsāmarthyātmana, tattathoktam| arthakriyayā hi tatsāmarthyarūpaṁ vastutvaṁ lakṣyate| “tad” evaṁvidhaṁ vastutvaṁ “hīyate” nivartate, tadviparyayarūpasyāsattvasyā''karṣaṇāt| etacca bādhakaṁ pramāṇaṁ vyāpakānupalabdhirūpamuttaratrāvasaraprāptaṁ svayameva vakṣyati| tadanayā bādhakapramāṇavṛttyā sādhyadharmmasya vastutaḥ sādhanadharmmasvabhāvatā sidhyati| tayā ca vastutastabhdāvatayā sādhanadharmmabhāvamātrānubandha iti|

[32. kāryahetāvanvayaniścayanirūpaṇam|]
evaṁ svabhāvahetau viparyaye bādhakapramāṇavṛttyā tādātmyasiddhito'nvayaniścayaṁ pratipādya koryahetau pratipādapannāha- “kāryahetau” anvayaniścayaḥ iti prakṛtam| kaḥ punarasau kāryakāraṇayorbhāvaḥ?| “kāryatvaṁ” “kāraṇatvaṁ” ca| tasya yā “siddhiḥ” pratītiḥ sā kāryahetāvanvayaniścayaḥ| yathā ca kāryakāṁraṇabhāvasiddhirbhavati tathopadarśayannāha- “yathā” ityādi| yathāśabda upadarśanārthaḥ| “idaṁ” dhūmādikam “asya” agneḥ “upalambhe” sati “upalabhyata” iti sambandhaḥ| anena kāryakāraṇabhāvasiddhau pratyakṣavyāpāramāha| na ca kevalaṁ pratyakṣaṁ kāryakāraṇabhāvamasandigdhaṁ sādhayati, kintu prākpravṛttānupalambhasahāyamiti darśayitumāha- “upalabdhilakṣaṇaprāptamānupalabdham” iti| yadi tad dhūmādikamupalabdhilakṣaṇaprāptaṁ satsvanyai(nye)ṣūpalambhapratyayeṣu dṛśyātmakaṁ sat nopalabdhaṁ bhavati agnyādisāmagrīsannidhānāt prāk tādātmyādisāmagryāmupalabhyamānāyāmupalabhyamānaṁ tatkāryaṁ sidhyati| na tūpalambhapratyayāntaravaikalyādanupajātopalabdhiyogyarūpaṁ sat, taddeśasannihitamapyanupalabdhilakṣaṇaprāptatayāgnyādisāmagrīsannidhānāt prāganupalabdhamiti| upalabdhilakṣaṇaprāptasya cānupalambhe nāgnyādisāmagrīsannidhānāt prāganyata āgamanaṁ, taddeśakālasaṁnnihitāt katakuṭyā derutpattiḥ, taddeśe cā'sannidhānamiti, tritayamapākriyate| etāvabhdiśca prakārairatatkāryatā bhavantī bhavet| tato'nupalambhenā'tatkāryatāśaṅkānirāsād tabhdāve bhāvagrāhipratyakṣanibandhanaḥ kāryakāraṇabhāvo'sandigdhaḥ sidhyati|

na cāgnīndhanādibhāve niyatasannidheradṛśyātmanaḥ kutaścit dhūmasya bhāvaḥ syāt ityāśaṅkanīyam| agnīndhanādibhedānuvidhānād dhūmasya| candanāgurukarpūrakeśorṇṇādīndhanabhede tadanurūpabhedasyāsya darśanādalpamahadindhanavikārakāriṇaścāgnestadanurūpasya| na cāgnīndhanādisannidhāvadṛśyātmano niyatasannidhānatā yuktā, pratibandhābhāvāt| pratibandhe vā tatkāryatā tatkāraṇatā vā syāt| tatkāryatve, nāgnīndhanasamparkkānantaraṁ dhūmajanma syāt, tabhdāvābhāvānuvidhānādeva cāsyāpi tatkāryatvam| tacca dhūme'pi samānam| nāpīndhanādikāraṇatvam adṛśyātmanaḥ, indhanādeḥ svahetoreva vṛkṣāderbhāvadarśanāt| tatrāpi tathābhāvakalpanāyāṁ tadevottaraṁ vācyam| punaścodye sa eva parihāro'navasthā ca| etenaikasāmagryadhīnatā'pi pratyuktā| tadanvayavyatirekānuvidhānādeva ca dhūmasya tat kāraṇaṁ kalpeta| taccāgnyādāvapi tulyam| tadapi tatra kāraṇamastu iti cet; na, agnayādibhāve'vaśyambhāvino'nyasyāpi kāraṇatvakalpanāyāṁ nimittābhāvāt, kāryavyatirekanibandhanatvāt kāraṇabhāvakalpanāyāḥ| yathā agnīndhanā derevānyatarābhāve abhavataḥ| bhavatu vā'nyasyāpi tabhdāve niyatasannidheḥ kāraṇatā| na tu tāvatāgnyādeḥ kāraṇatvahāniḥ, yato dhūmadarśanāt tanniścayena pravṛttau tadvisaṁvādaḥ syāt| nahi sarvvasattvakarmmādhipatyajanitatve'pi jagadvaicitryasya dṛṣṭakāraṇahānitastatkāryadarśanād vā pravṛttānāṁ atatprāptirityalamatiprasaṅgena|

kiṁrūpaḥ punarasau kāryakāraṇabhāvo'nupalambhasahāyapratyakṣanibandhana ityāha- “tabhdāve bhāvaḥ tadabhāve'bhāvaśca” iti| ya eva hi kāraṇābhimatasya bhāve bhāva eva| kāryatvenābhimatasya bhāvaḥ| “tadabhāve” kāraṇatvābhimatasyā'bhāve “abhāva eva” kāryatvenābhimatasyābhāvaśca| sa eva kāryakāraṇābhāvo nānyaḥ|

sa hi tābhyāmanyo bhavan svabhāvato'pratipannakāryakāraṇarūpayorvvā bhaved, yadvā svabhāvenaiva kāryakāraṇātmanoḥ| yadyādyaḥ pakṣaḥ tadā sarvvatraivākāryaka(kā)raṇabhūte'pi vastuni bhavet tanniyamakāraṇābhāvāt| tataḥ sarvvaṁ sarvvasya kāryaṁ syāt| svabhāvena cātadrūpasyānyayoge'pi na tadrūpatā| nahi bhāvāḥ pratiniyatarūpatyāgenānyayoge'pi rūpāntaramābhajante, yato nānyayogasteṣāṁ pūrvvarūpaṁ nāśayati vināśahetvayogād vakṣyamāṇakāt| nā'pyapūrvvamutpādayati tasya tato'rthāntaratvaprasaṅgāt| nahi teṣu niṣpanneṣvaniṣpanno bhinnahetuko vā tatsvabhāvo yuktsaḥ| ayaṁ hi bhedo bhedaheturvā viruddhadharmmādhyāsaḥ kāraṇa bhedaśca tataścet na bhedaḥ, anyanimittābhāvāt ekaṁ dravyaṁ viśvaṁ syāt ityādi prasajyeta| pratibhāsabhedo'pi hi itaretarābhāvarūpatayā viruddhadharmmādhyāsatāṁ nātikrāmati| tataśca pūrvvake vastunī tadavasthe eveti na tayoranyayoge'pi kāryakāraṇarūpatāpattiḥ|

atha dvitīyaḥ pakṣaḥ, tadā svabhāvata eva tayoḥ kāryakāraṇarūpatvādanyastabhdāvaḥ kathaṁ na vaiyarthyamanubhavet ?| kāryakāraṇavuddhī api tabhdāvabhāvitvamātranibandhane nārthāntaranimitte, tasyopapalabdhilakṣaṇaprāptasya kāryakāraṇarūpavivekinā rūpāntareṇāpratibhāsanāt| tathāvidhasyāpi grahaṇakalpanāyāmatiprasaṅgaḥ| anupalabdhilakṣaṇaprāptatāyāṁ kathaṁ kāryakāraṇabhāvabuddhī tannibandhane ?| nahi tad arthāntaraṁ svasattāmātreṇa tabduddhī pravartayati| sadā sannihitatvenāsya tayoḥ sarvadodayaprasaṅgāt| na ca viśeṣaṇamagṛhītaṁ viśeṣye svaviśiṣṭapratyayanibandhanamityayuktā'syānupalabdhilakṣaṇaprāptatā| na ca dṛṣṭasyāpyanupalakṣaṇaṁ yuktam, kāryakāraṇabuddhyostannibandhanatopagamāt| na hi yannimito yo'nyatrātabduddhibhāji tabdyavasāyaḥ sa tadanupalakṣaṇe yuktaḥ| devadatte daṇḍivyavasāyavad daṇḍānupalakṣaṇe| na cārthāntarasya kāryakāraṇābhyāṁ sambandho ghaṭate, sambandhāntarakalpanāyāmanavasthāprasakteḥ| kāryakāraṇabhāvābhyupagame kāryakāraṇābhyāmasahabhāvitā sabhdāvasya| tataśca kāryakāraṇakāle tasyāsannidhānāt kathaṁ kāryakāraṇabuddhihetutā ?| niruddhayoradhyāhṛtya tatpratyayakalpanāyāṁ ca kalpitaviṣaya eva kāryakāraṇatādhyavasāyaḥ syāt na vastuviṣayaḥ| sa ca viśiṣṭabhāvābhāvanibandhano'bhyupagata eveti kimarthāntarakalpanayā ?| kalpitaviṣayatve tavdhyavasāyasya, tasyā vaiyarthyāt kāryakāraṇayoścāyaugapadyāt| hani tābhyāmasau janyate, pratyekajanyaśca kathaṁ kāryakāraṇabhāvaḥ ?| yadā ca kāraṇena janyate tadā kiṁ svakāryasahito janyate, atha kevalaḥ ?| kevalo'pi kiṁ svakāryāt prāg, atha paścāt ?| yadi svakāryasahitastudubhayoranyata eva bhāvāt parasparamasambandha iti kāryasambandhitā'sya hīyeta| atha kevalaḥ svakāryāt prāk; tadā kṣaṇikatayā kāraṇasya tameva janayitvā dhvaṁsāt kathaṁ svakāryakrīyā ?| tasyāṁ cāsatyāṁ kathaṁ tadapekṣamasya kāraṇatvam ?| tasmiṁścāsati kathamakāraṇena kāryakāraṇasambandho janyate ?| atha svakāryaṁ kṛtvā paścājjanyeta tadā'pi svakāryakāle eva vinaṣṭatvād asatastaduttarakālabhāvikāryakāraṇabhāvajananaṁ kutaḥ ?| tabhdāvaśca sambandha ucyate|

....................................................................................................................................................................................... janyatāyāṁ vā yadi samagrāḥ svarūpata eva tāṁ janayanti kārye ka eṣāṁ śaktivyāghātaḥ ? yato'nyatra kalpyate| tatrāpyaparasāmagrīyogāpekṣāyāṁ cānavasthāprasaṅgaḥ| tataḥ samagrā eva janakāḥ|

teṣāṁ ca kāraṇatvamekaikāpāye kāryavyatirekataḥ samunnīyata ityāha- “satsvapyanyeṣu” tatsāmagryantarggateṣu “hetuṣu” janakeṣu pratyekaṁ teṣāṁ vyañjanakatvād “asyābhāve” janakatvena nirddhāryamāṇatayā vivakṣitasyābhāve “na bhavati” ityanenānupalambhasya viṣaya uktaḥ| pratyakṣavṛttistu pūrvvoktaivā'nupalambharahitā tabhdāve bhāvagrāhiṇī saṁbandhyate|

tathā cāyamapi tabhdāve bhāvaḥ tadabhāve'bhāvaśca kāryakāraṇabhāvaḥ kiṁsādhanaḥ ? ityāha- “pratyakṣānupalambhasādhanaḥ” pratyakṣapūrvvako'nupalambhaḥ tavdivikrānyapadārthagrāhipratyakṣātmakaḥ sādhanamasyeti “pratyakṣānupalambhasādhanaḥ kāryakāraṇabhāvaḥ”| yastvanupalambhasāpekṣeṇa pratyakṣeṇa sādhyata iti prāguktaḥ so'nupalambhapūrvvakaṁ pratyakṣaṁ sādhanamasyeti anupalambhapratyakṣasādhana iti vaktavyaḥ| “tasya” kāryakāraṇabhāvasyānvayavyatirekātmanaḥ “siddhiḥ” niścayo “yathoktābhyāṁ” pratyakṣānupalambhābhyāṁ kāryahetāvanvayaniścaya iti sambandhate|

nanu cānvayaniścayo nāma kāryahetoḥ sarvvatra kāryasya bhavataḥ svakāraṇasattayā'nugamanamityevamavasāyaḥ tat kathaṁ kāryakāraṇabhāvasiddhirevā'sāvucyate ? ityāśaṅkya kāryakāraṇabhāvasiddhinibandhanatvādanvayaniścayasya kāraṇe kāryopacārādananyopāyasādhyatāṁ darśayitum, darśanamātranibandhanaṁ ye tamicchanti tanmataniṣedhārthamasāvevamukta iti darśayannāha- “kāryakāraṇabhāva eva hi” kāryakāraṇabhāve satyeva ‘hiḥ’ yasmāt “arthāntarasya” sādhyād vyatiriktasya, yastvavyatiriktaḥ tasya viparyaye bādhakapramāṇavṛttyā tādātmyaniścayādevānvayaniścaya iti pūrvvamuktamevetyarthāntaragrahaṇam| tasyārthāntarasya “evaṁ syāt”| katham ?| ‘yatra nāma kvacid dhūmaḥ tatrāvaśyamagniḥ’ iti niyamena ‘agneḥ tatra bhāvaḥ’ ityevaṁrūpo'nvayaniścayaḥ| yastvakāryakāraṇabhāve'pi rasasyārthāntarasya rūpeṇānvayaniścayaḥ sa ekasāmagryadhīnatayā tasya svakāraṇāvyabhicāradvāraka evetyadoṣaḥ|

atha yadi nāma kāryamagnerdhūmastathāpi kimiti yatrāsau tatrāvaśyamagnirbhavati yataḥ kāryakāraṇabhāvasiddhinibandhano'nvayaniścaya ucyata ityāha-“agneḥ bhāve eva” sattāyāmeva ‘hiḥ’ yasmāt “bhāvaḥ” sattā dhūmasya “kāryatvamiti”| tasmāt kāryakāraṇabhāve satyeva yathokto'nvayaniścaya iti| yadi hi yatra dhūmastatrāvaśyamagnirnna syāt tadā'gnimantareṇāpyasya bhāvād agnibhāva eva bhāvalakṣaṇaṁ kāryatvaṁ hīyeta|

[33. anupalabdhāvanvayaniścayopāyakathanam|]
idānīmanupalabdhāvanvayaniścayamāha-“anupalabdhāvapi” na kevalaṁ svabhāvakāryaheto(tvo)ranvayaniścaya uktaḥ kintvanupalabdhāvapyanvayaniścaya ucyate| kiṁrūpo'sau ? ityāha- “asadvyavahārasya” sādhyadharmmasya yogyatāyāśca sādhyatvāt tadyogyatā'savdyavahāro'bhipretaḥ, tasya, upalabdhilakṣaṇaprāptasya yā “anupalabdhiḥ” tadanyopalabdhirūpā ta“nmātre” nimittāntarānapekṣaṇī, yā “vṛttiḥ” pravṛttirasavdyavahārasya tasyāḥ “sādhanaṁ” siddhiḥ anupalabdhavanvayaniścayaḥ| kutaḥ punarasavdyavahārasya tanmātre vṛttirbhavati ? ityāha- “nimittāntarābhāvopadarśanāt” iti| yadā hyasavdyavahārasya yathoktānupalabhdivyatiriktaṁ buddhivyapadeśārthakriyāvirahādikaṁ nimittaṁ na bhavatīti sādhyate tadā yathoktānupalabdhimātre'sya vṛttiḥ siddhā bhavati| tathā(tayā) cānupalabdhāvanvayaniścayaḥ| anyathā hi nimittāntarāpekṣāśaṅkāyāṁ satyāmapi yathoktānupalabdhau nāvaśyamasavdyavahārasya bhāva iti kuto'nvayaniścayaḥ syāt ?| nimittāntarābhāvastu vistarato vādanyāya ukta iti tata evāvadhāryaḥ|

athavā savdyavahārasya yannimittamupalabdhilakṣaṇaprāptasya sattvam tad asavdyavahāranimittādanyatvāt nimittāntaraṁ tatrānupalabdherabhāva upadarśyate yena pramāṇena tadevamuktam, tena, sati vastuni tasyā asambhavaniścayād anupalabdhāvanvayaniścayaḥ| tacca tavdyatirekacintāyāṁ darśayiṣyāmaḥ|

tadevaṁ trayāṇāmapi hetūnāṁ yathāsvaṁ pramāṇenānvayaniścaya uktaḥ| svabhāvahetau viparyaye bādhakapramāṇavṛttyā tādātmyasiddhinibandhanatvāt, kāryahetau pratyakṣānupalambhābhyāṁ kāryakāraṇabhāvasiddhinimittatvāt, anupalabdhau nimittāntarābhāvaprasādhakapramāṇastadabhavasiddhihetutvācceti|

[34. kāryasvabhāvayorvyatirekaniścayopāyakathanam|]
samprati trayāṇāmapi hetūnāṁ svasvapramānanibandhanaṁ vyatirekaniścayaṁ pratipādayitukāma āha- “vyatirekaniścayo'pi” na kevalamanvayaniścayo yathāsvaṁ pramāṇanibandhanastayoruktaḥ api tu “vyatirekaniścayo'pi kāryasvabhāvahetvo” ryathāsvaṁ pramāṇanimitta ucyate|

kaḥ punarasau ? “sādhyābhāve'bhāvasiddhiḥ”| yāvatadātmaka[tadātmakau hetū kāraṇavyāpakarūpasādhyasya sādhakau] sādhyābhāve cābhāvasiddhistayoḥ| kena pramāṇena ?| “kāraṇavyāpakānupalabdhibhyāṁ”| kāryahetau kāraṇānupalabdhyā sādhyābhāve'bhāvaniścayaḥ| svabhāvahetau vyāpakānupalabdhyā| kadā punaste anupalabdhī sādhike tasya bhavataḥ ?| “kāryakāraṇavyāpyavyāpakabhāvasiddhau” pratyakṣānupalambhābhyāṁ kāryakāraṇabhāvasiddhau satyāṁ kāraṇānupalabdhiḥ kāryahetau sādhyābhāve'bhāvasya sādhikā, viparyaye ca bādhakapramāṇavṛttyā tabhdāvatāsiddhitaḥ| vyāpyavyāpakabhāvasiddhau satyāṁ vyāpakānupalabdhiḥ svabhāvahetau sādhyābhāve'bhāvasya sādhiketi| tadevaṁ bruvatā ubhayatra tādātmyatadutpattilakṣaṇapratibandhaniścayādeva dvayorapyanvayavyatirekayoḥ niścaya iti uktaṁ bhavati| ata evānyatra-“kāryakāraṇabhāvād vā” ityādi uktam| kīdṛśībhyām ? “dṛśyaviṣayābhyāṁ” dṛśyo viṣayo yayoste tathokte| yadi kāraṇavyāpakāvupalabdhilakṣaṇaprāptau bhavatastadā tadanupalabdhī sādhyābhāve'bhāvaṁ sādhayata iti yāvat| kadā punastayoḥ dṛśyaviṣayatāviśeṣaṇamapekṣyate ? ityāha-“uddiṣṭaviṣayasya” uddiṣṭaḥ- kathito viṣayaḥ- ādhāro vaidharmmyadṛṣṭāntalakṣaṇo yasya sādhyābhāve'bhāvasya tasyopadarśane kriyamāṇe| tatrāpi kasmād dṛśyaviṣayatā'pekṣyate ? iti cet āha- “anupalabdhi” ityādi| “anyathā” yadi dṛśyaviṣayatāviśeṣaṇamanupalabdhyornnāpekṣyate| yadā'nupalabdhilakṣaṇaprāptaṁ viṣayaṁ vaidharmyadṛṣṭāntarūpamupādatte tadā'nupalabdhilakṣaṇaprāptau tatra kāraṇavyāpakāvapi bhavata iti “anupalabdhilakṣaṇaprāptasyaḥ” kāraṇasya vyāpakasya vā “kvacid” viprakṛṣṭe viṣaye sumervvādau “abhāvāsiddheḥ” kathamābhyāṁ sādhyābhāve'bhāvasiddhiḥ syāt, kāraṇavyāpakānupalabdhyorevāsiddhatvāt ityabhiprāyaḥ|

athānuddiṣṭaviṣayasyāpyabhāvasyopadarśane'nupalabdhyorddaśyaviṣayatāviśeṣaṇaṁ kimitti nāpekṣyate ? ityāha- “anuddiṣṭaviṣayam” anuddiṣṭo viṣayaḥ- vaidharmyadṛṣṭāntarūpo yasmin sādhyābhāve hetvabhāvakhyāpane tat “pratibandhamātrasiddhau” satyāṁ dṛśyaviṣayatāviśeṣaṇamantareṇāpi yasmāt “sidhyati iti” tasmāt “na tatra” anuddiṣṭaviṣaye “vyatirekasādhane” anupalabdhyo “rdṛśyaviṣaya tāviśeṣaṇamapekṣyate” aṅgīkriyate| tathā hi-aśeṣapadārthaparigraheṇa sāmānyenāpi bruvato yo yatra pratibaddhasvabhāvaḥ tādātmyatadutpattibhyāṁ sa tadabhāve'vaśyameva na bhavatīti niḥsvabhāvatvā'hetukatvaprasaṅgāt| taduktam-

“svabhāve'pyavinābhāvo bhāvamātrānurodhinī|
tadabhāve svayaṁ bhāvasyābhāvaḥ syādabhedataḥ||”
tathā- “kāryaṁ dhūmo hutabhujaḥ kāryadharmmānuvṛttitaḥ|
sa bhavaṁstadabhāve'pi hetumattāṁ vilaṅghyet||” iti|

tatastatra dṛśyaviṣayatā'pekṣyamāṇānupakārikaiveti na tayā kiñciditi bhāvaḥ|

“pratibandhamātrasiddhau” ityanena ye pratibandhaṁ hetornna varṇṇayanti kintvadarśanamātrādeva vyatirekamāhusteṣāṁ tadasambhavaṁ vca darśayati| tathā hi-asati pratibandhe yadi sarvve sādhyavirahiṇo'rthā dṛśyā bhavanti tadā teṣvanupalabdhasya sādhanasyābhāvaḥ śiṣyet| tadāha kumārilo'pi-

“gatvā gatvā tu tān deśān yadyartho nopalabhyate|
tadānyakāraṇābhāvādasannityavagamyate||” iti|

deśādiviprakarṣitayā tvadṛśyatve satyapi tatra hetāvanupalambhamātrasya sambhavāt sandigdho'sāva'śeṣe sādhyābhāve sādhanābhāvalakṣaṇo vyatirekaḥ tathāvidhasyaiva yatra yatra sādhyābhāvaḥ tatra tatra sādhanābhāva iti vīpsāpadābhyāmabhidhānāt| anvayaniścayo'pi prākpratibandhanibandhana eva varṇṇitaḥ tatastenāpi pareṣāṁ darśananibandhanāmanvayasiddhimicchatāmabhāvo'syāpi kathita eva, sarvvārthānāṁ hetumatāṁ sādhyadharmmavattayā draṣṭumaśakyatvādanumātṛbhiḥ| aśeṣadeśādiviṣayasya ca sādhyānugamasya yatra yatra hetuḥ tatra tatra sādhyam iti vīpsayā pratipādanāt| na ca katipayadeśādau sādhanadharmmasya sādhyadharmmeṇa sahabhāvasya bhūyo darśane'pi vyāptiḥ sidhyati, asati pratibandhe kvacid bahulaṁ tathādṛṣṭānāmapyanyāthātvasyāpi sambhavāt, tadasambhave bādhakapramāṇābhāvāt|

[35. anupalabdhau vyatirekaniścayopāyākathanam|]
anupalabdhimadhikṛtyādhunā''ha- “vyatirekaniścayo'nupaladhau” ucyata iti śeṣaḥ| kimātmako'sau ? ityāha “upalabdhilakṣaṇaprāptād” vidyamānopalambhapratyayāntarād dṛśyasvabhāvācca “sataḥ” vidyamānāt sādhyābhāvarūpād “anupalambhasya” tadviviktopalambhātmano yo'bhāvaḥ sato yadgrāhakaṁ pratyakṣaṁ tabhdāvalakṣaṇastasya “darśanaṁ” darśyate- pratyāyyate'neneti darśanam upadarśakaṁ pramāṇaṁ tadātmako'nupalabdhau vyatirekaniścayaḥ| taddhetutvācca tat pramāṇaṁ tathocyate| yadi hi sannihitānyopalambhapratyayo dṛśyasvabhāvo bhāvo vidyamāno'pi nopalabhyeta kathamasau dṛśyasvabhāvaḥ syāt ?| yo hi satsvanyeṣūpalambhapratyayeṣu san pratyakṣa eva bhavati sa eva dṛśyasvabhāva ākhyāyate| tasmāt tathāvidhe sannihite'vaśyaṁ pratyakṣavṛttyā bhavitavyam, anyathā'sya na kadācidapi pratyakṣatā syāt, viśeṣābhāvāditi| prayogaḥ-yad yanmātranimittaṁ tatsmin sati niyamena bhavati| tad yathā-bījādisāmagrīmātranimitto'ṅkuraḥ| yathoktopalabdhilakṣaṇaprāptatāmātranimittaṁ ca sati vastuni tathāvidhe pratyakṣamiti svabhāvahetuḥ| [ete]na pramāṇena svabhāvānupalabdhau sādhyābhāve'bhāvalakṣaṇo vyatireko niścīyate| etacca pramāṇamanvayaniścayasyāpi nimittam| anenaiva nimittāntare'nupalabdherabhāvopadarśanāt| kāraṇavyāpakānupalabdhyostu vakṣyamāṇayoḥ pratibandhadvayasidvyupāya evānvayavyatirekaniścayanibandhanam| sa ca kāryasvabhāvahetvorupadarśita eveti pṛthagnoktaḥ| tathā hi-kāraṇavyāpakayorabhāvaḥ kāryavyāpyābhāvābhyāmavaśyamanvitaḥ kāryavyāpyābhāvavyatireke ca tabhdāvalakṣaṇe'vaśyaṁ vyatiricyate kāraṇavyāpakayorbhāvāt| anyathā kāryavyāpyayorahetukatvaniḥsvabhāvatāprasaṅgāditi na kiñcit pṛthagabhidhāneneti|

[36. hetoḥ prakāratrayasya nāmanirdeśaḥ|]
tadetāvatā granthena “pakṣadharmmastadaṁśena vyāpto hetuḥ” iti vyākhyātam| adhunā “tridhaiva saḥ” ityetad vyākhyātumāha- “etallakṣaṇaḥ” ‘pakṣadharmmaḥ san yastadaṁśena vyāpto hetuḥ’ ityetallakṣaṇaṁ yasya sa etallakṣaṇaḥ| “tridhaiva saḥ”| ‘saḥ’ ityetasya vyākhyānaṁ “hetu”riti, | ‘tridhaiva’ ityasya vivaraṇaṁ “triprakāra eve” ti| tān hetūna svena svena nāmnā kīrttayati- “svabhāvaḥ kāryam anupalabdhiśceti”| “ca”kāro hetutvasamuccayārthaḥ| “iti” śabdaḥ samāptiṁ sūcayannavadhāraṇārthameva sphuṭayati| “yathā-anitye” kasmiṁścit śabdādau “sādhye satva(ttva)miti” svabhāvahetūpadarśanam, “agnimati pradeśe” sādhye “dhūma iti” kāryahetoḥ pradarśanam, “abhāve ca” abhāvasya vyavahāre ca “upalabdhilakṣaṇaprāptasyānupalabdhiriti” anupalabdherupanyāsaḥ|

[37. trividhahetubāhyānāṁ hetvābhāsatve pramāṇopadarśanam|]
kasmāt punaḥ trividha eva hetuḥ ? ityāśaṅkaya trividhahetuvyatiriktānāmarthānāṁ hetvābhāsatayā hetuviruddhayā vyāptestriṣveva hetutvaṁ niyataṁ bhavatiti hetvābhāsatāṁ pramāṇavatīṁ tadvyatirekiṇāṁ darśayannāha- “atraiva” svabhāvakāryā'nupalabdhyākhye “trividhahetau avinābhāvasya niyamāditi” trividhahetuvyatirikteṣvartheṣvavinābhāvā'bhāvādityarthaḥ| tataścāvinābhāvavikalatvāt svabhāvakāryānupalabdhivyatirekiṇo'rthā hetvābhāsāḥ prameyatvādivat ityuktaṁ bhavati| avinābhāvābhāvaśca trividhahetuvyatiriktatvādeva tādātmyatadutpattyoravinābhāvavyāpikayorabhāvād vyāpakānupalabdhito'vagataḥ|

[38. avinābhāvanirūpaṇam|]
atha ko'yamavinābhāvaḥ ? kasya cāsau ? kathaṁ vā'traiva niyata ucyate ? ityata āha- “yathoktā vyāptiḥ vyāpakasya”- tatkāraṇatayā tabhdāvatayā ca| yatra tadvayāpyaṁ kāryaṁ svabhāvo vā sannihitastatra bhāva eva| “vyāpyasya vā”- kāryasya svabhāvasya vā| yatra tatkāraṇasvabhāvākhyaṁ vyāpakaṁ sannihitaṁ tatraiva dharmmiṇi na tadabhāve'pi bhāva iti yā vyāpakavyāpyadharmmatayā vyāptiruktā sā “yathoktā vyāptiravinābhāvaḥ”| kasya ?| “pakṣadharmmasya”| sādhyadharmmidharmmasya| “sa” evaṁrūpo'vinābhāvaḥ “tṛ(tri)vidhād” yathoktād hetoḥ “anyatraḥ” tadvyatirekiṇyarthe “nāsti”| yato'tra ca tṛ(tri)vidhe'sti tādātmyatadutpattyoravinābhāvena vyāptayorbhāvāt, kṛtakatvānityatvavadanayorvyāpyavyāpakabhāvāditi “tasmādatraiva” trividhe hetau tadanyatrābhāvamukhena “niyataḥ” ucyate| tadanena “hetvābhāsāstato'pare” ityasya “avinābhāvaniyamāt” ityupapattisahitasyārthaḥ pradarśitaḥ| yathā ca trividhād hetoranyatrāvinābhāvo nāsti tathā prāgevoktam|

yadi vā svabhāvādanyo'rtho'rthāntaram, tacca kāryādapyanyat kāraṇamanubhayaṁ vā| anupalabdherapyanyad yathoktāyāḥ anupalabdhimātramupalabdhirvvā pratiṣedhyasya tadanyasyāpi viruddhasyāviruddhasya vā| tatrārthāntaram yadyanantarakāryaṁ tasyārvāgdarśibhiḥ itaravivekena lakṣayitumaśakyatvāt aliṅgatvam| kāryadarśanāt vivekāvasāye'pi sādhyasidyuttarakālabhāvī pakṣadharmmatāvasāyo'nvayānugamanaṁ ca vyarthaṁ| vyavahitakāryamapi kāraṇaṁ na kāryasya liṅgam, antarālapratibandhavaikalyasambhavena vyabhicārāt| taduktam-

“sāmagrīphalaśaktīnāṁ pariṇāmānubandhini|
anaikāntikatā kārye pratibandhasya sambhavāt”||

iti| yogyatānumāne tu nārthāntaraṁ liṅgam|

nāpyanubhayam, apratibandhena gamakatvāyogāt| kathaṁ kṛttikodayavijñānād rohiṇyāsattiklṛptiḥ ? iti cet| nanu sā'pi naivāsati pratibandhe yuktā viśeṣābhāvena sarvvataḥ sarvvapratītiprasaṅgāt ityuktatvāt| tasmānnakṣatracakrasya saṅkrāntihetureva kālavyavadhānena kaścit kalpayitavyaḥ, yathā bhūtasaṁkṣobhaḥ paścātkālabhāvino varṣasyeti hetudharmmānumānena kāryaliṅgajaiva kalpayitavyā|

anupalabdhimātramapi saṁśayahetuḥ, pramāṇanivṛttāvapyarthābhāvāsiddheḥ| upalabdhirapi pratiṣedhyasya kathamabhāvaṁ sādhayet ?, abhrāntopalambhasyābhāvāyogāt| viruddhopalabdhistu pratiyogyabhāvaṁ sādhayati| kintu sa virodhastabhdāve satyanyānupalambhādeva siddha iti taddvāreṇānupalabdhireva prayuktā bhavati| anyathā'niṣiddhopalabdherabhāvāsiddheḥ| aviruddhopalabdhiḥ punaḥ pratiṣedhe'naikāntikī, sahabhāvasambhavādaviruddhānām| na cāparaḥ prakāraḥ sambhavatīti nāvinābhāvo'nyatra vidyata iti|

Technical Details
Text Version: 
Romanized
Input Personnel: 
DSBC Staff
Input Date: 
2008
Proof Reader: 
Milan Shakya
Supplier: 
Nagarjuna Institute of Exact Methods
Sponsor: 
University of the West
Chapter: 
0

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Source URL: http://dsbc.uwest.edu/node/6167

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