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karmaphalaparīkṣā saptadaśamaṁ prakaraṇam |
atrāha - vidyata eva saṁsāraḥ, karmaphalasaṁbandhāśrayatvāt | yadi iha saṁtānāvicchedakrameṇa janmamaraṇaparaṁparayā hetuphalabhāvapravṛttyā saṁskārāṇāmātmano vā saṁsaraṇaṁ syāt, syāttadānīṁ karma phalasaṁbandhaḥ | yathāvarṇite saṁsārābhāve tu utpattyanantaravināśitvāccittasya karmākṣepakāle ca vipākasyāsadbhāvāt karmaphalasaṁbandhābhāva eva syāt | saṁsārasadbhāve tu sati iha kṛtasya karmaṇe janmāntare'pi vipākaphalasaṁbandhāt karmaṇāṁ phalasaṁbandho na virodhito bhavati | tasmādvidyata eva saṁsāraḥ karmaphalasaṁbandhāśrayatvāditi | kāni punastāni karmāṇi kiṁ vā tatphalamiti tatprabheda vivakṣayedamucyate -
ātmasaṁyamakaṁ cetaḥ parānugrāhakaṁ ca yat |
maitraṁ sa dharmastadbījaṁ phalasya pretya ceha ca ||1||
tatra āhitaḥ utpāditaḥ ahaṁmāno'sminnityātmā | skandhānupādāya prajñapyamānaḥ pudgalaātmetyucyate | cinoti upacinoti śubhamaśubhaṁ karma vipākadānasāmarthye niyamayatīti cetaḥ | cittaṁ manaḥ vijñānamiti tasyaiva paryāyāḥ | ātmānaṁ saṁyamayati viṣayeṣvasvatantrayati rāgādikleśavaśena pravṛttiṁ nivārayatītyātmasaṁyamakam | tadetadātmasaṁyamakaṁ kuśalaṁ cetaḥ prāṇātipātādiṣu pravṛtti vidhārakaṁ durgatigamanāddhārayatīti dharma ityucyate ||
dharmaśabdo'yaṁ pravacane tridhā vyavasthāpitaḥ | svalakṣaṇadhāraṇārthena kugatigamanavidhāraṇārthena pāñcagatikasaṁsāravidhāraṇārthena | tatra svalakṣaṇadhāraṇārthena sarve sāsravā anāsravāśca dharmā ityucyante | kugatigamanavidhāraṇārthena daśakuśalādayo dharmā ityucyante |
dharmacārī sukhaṁ śete asmiṁlloke paratra ca ||
pāñcagatikasaṁsāragamanavidhāraṇārthena nirvāṇe dharma ityucyate, dharmaṁ śaraṇaṁ gacchatītyatra| iha tu kugatigamanavidhāraṇārthenaiva dharmaśabdo'bhipretaḥ ||
kiṁ punarātmasaṁyamakamevaikaṁ cetaḥ dharma iti ? netyāha | kiṁ tarhi parānugrāhakaṁ ca maitraṁ ca yaccetaḥ, asāvapi dharmaḥ | maitramityatra caśabdo luptanirdiṣṭo veditavyaḥ | tatra paramanugṛhṇātīti parānugrāhakaṁ cetaḥ, catuḥsaṁgrahavastupravṛttaṁ bhayaparitrāṇapravṛttaṁ ca yaccetaḥ, asāvapi dharmaḥ | mitre bhavamaviruddhaṁ sattveṣu yaccetaḥ, tanmaitraṁ cetaḥ | maitraṁ yaccetaḥ , tanmaitracetaḥ, maitramevaṁ vā | yaccaitat trividhaṁ ceto nirdiṣṭam, sa dharma ityucyate| viparyayādadharmo yojyaḥ ||
yaccaitannirdiṣṭaprabhedaṁ cetaḥ, tadbījaṁ phalasya | asādhāraṇaṁ phalābhinirvṛttau yatkāraṇam, tadeva bījamityucyate | tadyathā śālyaṅkurasya śālibījam | yattu sādhāraṇaṁ kṣityādi na tadbījaṁ kāraṇametat | yathaitadevam, ihāpi iṣṭasya vipākasyābhinirvṛttau trividhaṁ ceto bhavati bījam | puruṣakārādayastu kāraṇameva ||
kasmin punaḥ kāle bījasya phalaniṣpattirityāha - pretya ceha ca | pretyeti adṛṣṭe janmani, iheti dṛṣṭe janmanītyarthaḥ | etacca āgamādvistareṇa boddhavyam ||1||
evaṁ tāvat cittātmakamevaikaṁ dharmaṁ vyavasthāpya punarapi dvividhaṁ bhagavatā -
cetanā cetayitvā ca karmoktaṁ paramarṣiṇā |
paramārthadarśanādṛṣiḥ | paramaścāsau ṛṣiśceti paramarṣiḥ sarvākāratayā paramārthagamanāt śrāvakapratyekabuddhabhyo'pi utkṛṣṭatvāt paramarṣiḥ saṁbuddho bhagavān | tena paramarṣiṇā cetanā karma, cetayitvā ca karmetyuktaṁ sūtre ||
yaccaitad dvividhaṁ karmoktam -
tasyānekavidho bhedaḥ karmaṇaḥ parikīrtitaḥ ||2||
kathaṁ kṛtvā?
tatra yaccetanetyuktaṁ karma tanmānasaṁ smṛtam |
cetayitvā ca yattūktaṁ tattu kāyikavācikam ||3||
manasi bhavaṁ mānasam | manodvāreṇaiva niṣṭhāgamanāt kāyavākpravṛttinirapekṣatvācca manovijñāna saṁprayuktaiva cetanā mānasaṁ karmetyucyate | tatraśabdo nirdhāraṇe | yattu dvitīyaṁ cetayitvā ca karmetyuktam, tatpunaḥ kāyikaṁ vācikaṁ ca veditavyam | evaṁ ca evaṁ ca kāyavāgbhyāṁ pravartiṣye ityevaṁ cetasā saṁcintya yat kriyate, taccetayitvā karmetyucyate | tatpunardvividham, kāyikaṁ vācikaṁ ca | kāyavāco rbhavatvāt taddvāreṇa ca niṣṭhāgamanāt | evaṁ ca trividham - kāyikaṁ vācikaṁ mānasaṁ ca ||3||
etadapi trividhaṁ karma punarbhidyamānaṁ saptavidhaṁ saṁjāyate, ityevaṁ tasya karmaṇo bhagavatā bahuprakāro bhedo'nuvarṇitaḥ | kathaṁ kṛtvā ?
vāgviṣpando'viratayo yāścāvijñaptisaṁjñitāḥ |
avijñaptaya evānyāḥ smṛtā viratayastathā ||4||
paribhogānvayaṁ puṇyamapuṇyaṁ ca tathāvidham |
cetanā ceti saptaite dharmāḥ karmāñjanāḥ smṛtāḥ ||5||
tatra vyaktavarṇoccāraṇaṁ vāk | viṣpandaḥ śarīraṁceṣṭā | tatra kuśalākuśalā vā vāk sarvaiva viratyaviratilakṣaṇā vijñaptisamutthāpikā sāmānyena vāgiti gṛhyate | evaṁ kuśalo'kuśalo vā viratyaviratilakṣaṇo vijñaptisamutthāpako viṣpandaḥ sāmānyena gṛhyate || yathā caitadvijñapterdvidhā bhedaḥ, evamavijñapterapi | aviratilakṣaṇā avijñaptayaḥ viratilakṣaṇāśceti kṛtvā | tatra aviratilakṣaṇā avijñaptayaḥ tadyathā adyaprabhṛti mayā prāṇinaṁ hatvā cauryaṁ kṛtvā jīvikā parikalpayitavyeti pāpakarmābhyupagamātprabhṛti tadakāriṇo'pi akuśalakarmābhyupagamahetukāḥ satatasamitamavijñaptayaḥ samupajāyante | kaivartādīnāṁca jālādiparikarmakālātprabhṛti tadakāriṇāmapi yā avijñaptaya upajāyante, tā etā aviratilakṣaṇā avijñaptaya ityucyante | yathā caitāstathā anyāḥ viratilakṣaṇāḥ kuśalasvabhāvā avijñaptayaḥ | tadyathā - adyaprabhṛti prāṇātipātādibhyaḥ prativiramāmīti kāyavāgvijñaptiparisamāptikāla kṣaṇātprabhṛti taduttarakālaṁ pramattādyavasthasyāpi yāḥ kuśalopacayasvabhāvā avijñaptaya upajāyante, tā etā viratilakṣaṇā avijñaptaya ityucyante | etā rūpakriyāsvabhāvā api satyo vijñaptivat parānna vijñāpayantītyavijñaptayaḥ ||
tathā paribhogānvayaṁ puṇyam, kuśalamityarthaḥ | paribhogena anvayaḥ asyeti paribhogānvayam | paribhogaḥ parityaktasya vastunaḥ saṁghādibhirupabhogaḥ | anvayaḥ anugamaḥ | dāyakasaṁtānajaḥ kuśalopacaya ityarthaḥ ||
apuṇyaṁ ca tathāvidham, paribhogānvayamityarthaḥ | tadyathā devakulādipratiṣṭhāpanam , yatra sattvā hanyante | yathā yathā hi tatkīrtau prāṇino hanyante, tathā tathā taddevakulādyupabhogāt tatkartṛṇāṁ saṁtāne paribhogānvayamapuṇyamapi jāyate , ityevamapuṇyaṁ ca tathāvidhaṁ bhavati ||
cittābhisaṁskāramanaskarmalakṣaṇā cetanā ceti ||
saṁkṣepeṇa etatsaptavidhaṁ karma bhavati - kuśalākuśalā vāk, kuśalākuśalo viṣpandaḥ, kuśalamavijñaptilakṣaṇam, akuśalamavijñaptilakṣaṇam, paribhogānvayaṁ puṇyam, paribhogānvayamapuṇyam, cetanā ceti ||
ete ca sapta dharmāḥ karmāñjanāḥ karmatvenābhivyaktāḥ karmalakṣaṇāḥ smṛtāḥ ||5||
atraike paricodayanti - yadetat karma bahuvidhamuktam, tat kimā vipākakālādavatiṣṭhate, atha na tiṣṭhati utpattyanantaravināśitvāt? yadi tāvat -
tiṣṭhatyā pākakālāccetkarma tannityatāmiyāt |
niruddhaṁ cenniruddhaṁ satkiṁ phalaṁ janayiṣyati ||6||
yadi utpannaṁ sat karma āvipākakālaṁ svarūpeṇāvatiṣṭhate iti parikalpyate, tad iyantaṁ kālamasya nityatā āpadyate vināśarahitatvāt | paścādvināśasadbhāvānna nityatvamiti cet, naitadevam, pūrvaṁ vināśarahitasya ākāśādivat paścādapi vināśena saṁbandhābhāvāt | vināśarahitasya ca asaṁskṛtatvaprasaṅgāt, asaṁskṛtānāṁ ca vipākādarśanāt, avipākatvena sadaivāvasthānāt nityatābhyupagama eva karmaṇāmupapadyate | ityevaṁ tāvannityatve doṣaḥ | atha utpādānantaravināśitvameva karmaṇāmabhyupetam, nanu evaṁ sati -
niruddhaṁ cenniruddhaṁ sat kiṁ phalaṁ janayiṣyati |
abhāvībhūtaṁ sat karma avidyamānasvabhāvatvānnaiva phalaṁ janayiṣyatītyabhiprāyaḥ ||6||
tatraike nikāyāntarīyāḥ parihāraṁ varṇayanti - utpattyanantaravināśitvātsaṁskārāṇām, anityatvadoṣastāvadasmākaṁ nopapadyate | yaccāpyuktam -
niruddhaṁ cenniruddhaṁ sat kiṁ phalaṁ janayiṣyati |
iti, atrāpi parihāraṁ brūmaḥ -
yo'ṅkuraprabhṛtirbījātsaṁtāno'bhipravartate |
tataḥ phalamṛte bījātsa ca nābhipravartate ||7||
iha bījaṁ kṣaṇikamapi sat svajātīyabhāviphalaviśeṣaniṣpattisāmarthyaviśeṣayuktasyaiva saṁtānasya aṅkurakāṇḍanālapatrādyabhidhānasya hetubhāvamapyupagamya nirudhyate | yaścāyamaṅkuraprabhṛtirbījātsaṁtānaḥ pravartate, tasmāt krameṇa sahakārikāraṇavaikalye sati svalpādapi hetorvipulaphalapracaya upajāyate | ṛte bījāt vinā bījāt sa ca aṅkurādisaṁtānaḥ nābhipravartate | tadevaṁ tadbhāve bhāvitvena tadabhāve ca abhāvitvena bījahetukatvamaṅkurādisaṁtānasya phalasyopadarśitaṁ bhavati ||7||
tadevam -
bījācca yasmātsaṁtānaḥ saṁtānācca phalodbhavaḥ |
bījapūrvaṁ phalaṁ tasmānnocchinnaṁ nāpi śāśvatam ||8||
yadi iha bījamaprasūya aṅkurādisaṁtānaṁ jvālāṅgārādivirodhipratyayasāṁnidhyānnirudhyeta, tadā tatra kāryasaṁtānapravṛttyadarśanāt syāducchedadarśanam | yadi ca bījaṁ na nirudhyeta, aṅkurādisaṁtānaśca pravarteta, tadā bījasyānirodhābhyupagamācchāśvatadarśanaṁ syāt, na caitadevam, ityato nāsti bījasya śāśvatocchedadarśanaprasaṅgaḥ ||8||
yathā ca bīje ayaṁ kramo'nuvarṇitaḥ, evam -
yastasmāccittasaṁtānaścetaso'bhipravartate |
tataḥ phalamṛte cittātsa ca nābhipravartate ||9||
tasmāt kuśalākuśalacetanāviśeṣasaṁprayuktāccittād yaḥ cittasaṁtānastaddhetukaḥ pravartate, tasmāt kuśalākuśalacetanāparibhāvitāccittasaṁtānāt sahakārikāraṇasaṁnidhānāvaikalye sati iṣṭamaniṣṭaṁ phalamupajāyate sugatidurgatiṣu | ṛte tu taccitāt cittamantareṇa sa ca nābhipravartate ||9||
tadevam -
cittācca yasmātsaṁtānaḥ saṁtānācca phalodbhavaḥ |
karmapūrvaṁ phalaṁ tasmānnocchinnaṁ nāpi śāśvatam ||10||
yadi arhaccaramacittamiva taddhetuphalapāraṁparyāvicchinnakramavartino bhāvinaścittasaṁtānasya hetubhāvamanupagamya kuśalaṁ cittaṁ nirudhyeta, tadā ucchinnaṁ tatkarma syāt | athāpi anāgata saṁtānasya hetubhāvamupagamya svarūpādapracyutaṁ syāt, syāttadānīṁ karma śāśvatam | na caitadevamiti | tasmāt kṣaṇikakarmābhyupagame'pi nāsti ucchedaśāśvatadarśanadvayaprasaṅga iti ||10||
tadatra yathoditakarmaprabhedavyākhyāne daśa kuśalāḥ karmapathā vyākhyātāḥ | te ca -
dharmasya sādhanopāyāḥ śuklāḥ karmapathā daśa |
phalaṁ kāmaguṇāḥ pañca dharmasya pretya ceha ca ||11||
ta ete daśa kuśalāḥ karmapathā dharmasya sādhanopāyā niṣpattihetubhūtā ityarthaḥ ||
kaḥ punarasau kuśalakarmapathavyatirikto dharmo nāma, yasyaite sādhanopāyatvena vyavasthāpyante? ucyate | cittaviśeṣa eva kaścit dharmaśabdenoktaḥ ||
ātmasaṁyamakaṁ cetaḥ parānugrāhakaṁ ca yat |
maitraṁ sa dharmaḥ
ityanena | athavā | pariniṣṭhitarūpā ete daśa kuśalāḥ karmapathā dharmaśabdavācyā bhavanti, kriyamāṇarūpāstu kuśalakarmapathavācyā bhavanti | tadasya uktalakṣaṇasya ete daśa kuśalāḥ karmapathā niṣpattau hetutvena vyavasthāpyante | kathaṁ punaratra prakrānte karmavibhāge daśa kuśalāḥ karmapathā iti ? ucyate -
vāgviṣpando'viratayo yāścāvijñaptisaṁjñitāḥ |
ityādinā kāyikāsrayaḥ karmapathāḥ vācikāścatvāro vyākhyātāḥ| cetanā cetyanena abhidhyāvyāpāda samyagdṛṣṭayākhyāsrayo mānasā vyākhyātāḥ | ityevaṁ daśāpi kuśalāḥ karmapathā atra vyākhyātāḥ | te ca yathoditasya dharmasya niṣpattihetavo bhavanti | asya ca dharmasya rūpaśabdagandharasaspraṣṭavyalakṣaṇāḥ pañca kāmaguṇāḥ | pretya ca adṛṣṭe paraloke ityarthaḥ, iha ceti ihaloke ityarthaḥ, phalamupabhujyate iti ||11||
evaṁ tāvadaikanikāyikairākṣepaparihāre varṇite sati, tān prati apare doṣamudbhāvya anyākṣepaparihāraṁ varṇayantaḥ āhuḥ -
bahavaśca mahāntaśca doṣāḥ syurapi kalpanā |
yadyeṣā tena naivaiṣā kalpanātropapadyate ||12||
yadi bījāṅkurasādharmyeṇa cittasaṁtāne śāśvatocchedadarśanadvayadoṣaprasaṅgaparihāraḥ syāt, tadā bahavaśca doṣāḥ saṁkhyābahutvena mahāntaśca dṛṣṭādṛṣṭavirodhena parapakṣe prāpruvanti | kathaṁ kṛtvā? yadi hi bījasaṁtānadṛṣṭāntena śālibījāt śālyaṅkurādisaṁtāna eva pravartate, na vijātīyaḥ, śālyaṅkurādisaṁtānācca śāliphalameva upajāyate, na bilvaphalam, bhinnajātīyatvāt, evamihāpi kuśalacittāt kuśalacittasaṁtāna eva syāt, samānajātīyatvāt, na akuśalāvyākṛtacitta saṁtānaḥ, vijātīyatvāt | evamakuśalāvyākṛtacittādakuśalāvyākṛtacittasaṁtāna eva syānnānyaḥ, bhinnajātīyatvāt | kāmarūpārūpyāvacarānāsravacittebhyaḥ sadṛśānāmeva cittānāṁ kāmarūpārūpyāva carānāsravāṇāmutpādaḥ syāt, na bhinnajātīyānām | manuṣyacittānmanuṣyacittameva syānna devanārakatiryagādyanyacittam | tataśca yo devaḥ sa deva eva syāt, yo manuṣyaḥ sa manuṣya eva syādityādi | tataśca akuśalamapi kurvatāṁ devamanuṣyāṇāṁ gatiyonivarṇabuddhīndriyabalarūpabhogādi vaicitryaṁ na syādapāyapatanaṁ ca | iṣyate caitatsarvamiti | evaṁ bahavaśca mahāntaśca doṣā yasmādbīja saṁtānasādharmyakalpanāyāṁ prasajyante, tasmānnaiṣā kalpanā atropapadyate || 12||
imāṁ punaḥ pravakṣyāmi kalpanāṁ yātra yojyate |
buddhaiḥ pratyekabuddhaiśca śrāvakaiścānuvarṇitām ||13||
kā cāsau kalpanetyāha -
patraṁ yathāvipraṇāśastatharṇamiva karma ca |
caturvidho dhātutaḥ sa prakṛtyāvyākṛtaśca saḥ ||14||
iha kuśalaṁ karma kṛtaṁ sat utpādānantarameva nirudhyate, na ca tasminniruddhe phalābhāvaprasaṅgaḥ | yasmād yadaiva tatkarma utpadyate, tadā etasya karmaṇo'vipraṇāśo nāma viprayukto dharmaḥ kartuḥ saṁtāne samupajāyate ṛṇapatrasthānīyaḥ | tadevaṁ patraṁ yathā avipraṇāśaḥ tathā veditavyaḥ | yasya ca asau avipraṇāśākhyo dharma utpadyate, ṛṇamiva tatkarma veditavyam | yathā ca ṛṇapatrāvasthānāt prayukte'pi dhane dhanino na dhananāśo bhavati, saṁbadhyata eva sa kālāntareṇa pañcamena dhanaskandhena, tathā vinaṣṭe'pi karmaṇi avipraṇāśākhyadharmāntarāvasthānāt tannimittakena phalena abhisaṁbadhyata eva kartā | yathā ca ṛṇapatraṁ dāturdhanābhyāgamaṁ kṛtvā nirmuktaṁ sat punarapi vidyamānaṁ vā avidyamānaṁ vā na dhanābhyāgame samartham, evamavipraṇāśo'pi dattavipākaḥ san vidyamāno vā avidyamāno vā na śaknoti nirmuktapatravat kartuḥ punarapi vipākasaṁbandhaṁ kartum ||
yaścāyamavipraṇāśo'smābhiruktaḥ sūtrāntaroktaḥ, caturvidho dhātutaḥ sa kāmarūpārūpyāvacarānā sravabhedāt, prakṛtyā avyākṛtaśca saḥ | kuśalākuśalatvena avyākaraṇādavyākṛta evāvipraṇāśaḥ | yadi asau akuśalānāṁ karmaṇāmakuśalaḥ syāt, tadā kāmaṁ vītarāgāṇāṁ na syāt | yadi ca kuśalānām , kuśalaḥ syāt, samucchinnakuśalamūlānāṁ sa na syāt | tasmāt prakṛtyavyākṛta evāsau ||14||
kiṁ ca |
prahāṇato na praheyo bhāvanāheya eva vā |
sa cāyamavipraṇāśaḥ prahāṇato na praheyaḥ | pārthagjanikāni karmāṇi darśanamārgeṇaiva prahīyante mā bhūdāryaḥ pṛthagjanakarmasamanvāgata iti | avipraṇāśastu tatkarmaprahāṇe'pi darśanamārgeṇa na prahīyate, kiṁ tu bhāvanāmārgeṇa vā tasyā prahāṇaṁ bhavati | dhātusamatikramaṇapraheya eveti vāśabdo vikalpārthaḥ ||
yataścaivamavipraṇāśaḥ karmavināśe'pi na naśyati, karmaprahāṇe'pi na prahīyate,
tasmādavipraṇāśena jāyate karmaṇāṁ phalam || 15||
yadi punarapi asya avipraṇāśasya karmaṇaḥ prahāṇena prahāṇātprahāṇataḥ prahāṇaṁ syāt karmaṇaśca saṁkrameṇa karmaṇo vināśena karmāntarasaṁmukhībhāvena vināśaḥ syāt, ko doṣaḥ syāditi? ucyate -
prahāṇataḥ praheyaḥ syātkarmaṇaḥ saṁkrameṇa vā |
yadi doṣāḥ prasajyeraṁstatra karmavadhādayaḥ ||16||
yadi darśanamārgeṇa pārthagjanikakarmavadavipraṇāśaḥ prahīyeta, tadā karmaṇo vināśa eva syāt | karmavināśācca āryāṇāmiṣṭāniṣṭakarmaphalavipākaḥ pūrvakarmaphalahetuko na syāt | akṛtasyaiva karmaṇaḥ phalodayaḥ syāt | karmaphalābhāvadarśanācca mithyādarśanaṁ syāditi | evaṁ karmavadhādayo doṣāḥ prasajyante prahāṇataḥ praheyatvābhyupagame sati avipraṇāśasya | evaṁ karmaṇaḥ saṁkrame'pi yojyam ||16||
sarveṣāṁ viṣabhāgānāṁ sabhāgānāṁ ca karmaṇām |
pratisaṁdhau sadhātūnāmeka utpadyate tu saḥ ||17 ||
bhinnajātīyāni karmāṇi viṣabhāgāni | sadṛśāni sabhāgāni | teṣāṁ sarveṣāmeva sabhāgānāṁ ca viṣabhāgānāṁ ca karmaṇāṁ kāmarūpārūpyadhātupratisaṁdhiṣu sarvakarmāpamardanaḥ eka eva avipraṇāśa utpadyate | sa cāpi sadhātūnāṁ samānadhātukānāmeva utpadyate na viṣabhāgadhātukānām ||17||
karmaṇaḥ karmaṇo dṛṣṭe dharma utpadyate tu saḥ |
dviprakārasya sarvasya vipakke'pi ca tiṣṭhati ||18||
sa cāyamavipraṇāśākhyo dharmaḥ sarvasyaiva karmaṇaḥ cetanācetayitvāsvabhāvasya sāsravānāsravabhedena vā dviprakārabhinnasya dṛṣṭe dharme ihaiva janmani karmaṇaḥ karmaṇaḥ ekaiko'vipraṇāśa utpadyate | sa cāyamavipraṇāśo vipakke'pi vipāke nāvaśyaṁ nirudhyate, nirbhuktapatravacca vidyamāno'pi san na śaknoti punarapi vipaktum ||18||
phalavyatikramādvā sa maraṇādvā nirudhyate |
anāsravaṁ sāsravaṁ ca vibhāgaṁ tatra lakṣayet ||19||
tatra phalavyatikramānnirudhyate | yathoktam - bhāvanāheya eveti | maraṇānnirudhyate | yathoktam -
pratisaṁdhau sadhātūnāmeka utpadyate tu saḥ |iti |
sa cāyaṁ sāsravāṇāṁ sāsravaḥ, anāsravāṇāmanāsravaḥ ityevaṁ vibhāgaṁ lakṣayet ||19||
tadevam -
śūnyatā ca na cocchedaḥ saṁsāraśca na śāśvatam |
karmaṇo'vipraṇāśaśca dharmo buddhena deśitaḥ ||20||
yasmāt karma kṛtaṁ sat nirudhyate, na svabhāvenāvatiṣṭhate, tasmāt karmaṇaḥ svabhāvenāvasthānāt śūnyatā copapadyate | na caivaṁ karmaṇo'navasthānāducchedadarśanaprasaṅgaḥ, avipraṇāśaparigraheṇa karmavipākasadbhāvāt | vipākābhāve hi karmaṇaḥ ucchedadarśanaṁ syāt | avipraṇāśadharmasadbhāvāt bījasaṁtānasādharmyaparikalpanābhāvācca nānāgatijātiyonidhātubhedabhinnaśca pāñcagatikaḥ saṁsāro vicitraḥ siddho bhavati | na ca śāśvatavādaprasaṅgaḥ , karmaṇaḥ svarūpeṇāvasthānānabhyupagamāt | karmaṇāṁ ca avipraṇāśaḥ, avipraṇāśasadbhāvāt, iti | evaṁ niravaśeṣāvidyānidrāpagamādvibuddhena bhagavatā yasmādayaṁ dharmo deśitaḥ, tasmād yatpūrvaṁmuktaṁ pareṇa -
tiṣṭhatyā pākakālāccet karma tannityatāmiyāt |
niruddhaṁ cenniruddhaṁ sat kiṁ phalaṁ janayiṣyati || iti,
tadasmatpakṣe nopapadyate iti | tasmādasmābhirupavarṇitakalpanaiva nyāyyā iti ||20||
atrocyate- kimiha bhavanto gandharvanagaraprākārapatanātiśaṅkitayā atīvodvignāḥ tatparirakṣāpariśramāyāsamāpannāḥ, ye nāma yūyaṁ karmaṇyanupapadyamāne tatphalanimittaṁ vipravadadhvam? yadi hi karmaṇaḥ svarūpeṇaivotpādaḥ syāt, tasya āvipākamavasthānānnityatvaṁ syāt, vināśāducchedaḥ syāt | yadā tu karma naivotpadyate svabhāvaśūnyatvāt, tadā tasya kuto'vasthānaṁ vināśo vā, yata eṣā cintā syāt? atrāha -
karma notpadyate kasmāt
ācārya āha -
niḥsvabhāvaṁ yatastataḥ |
yasmānniḥsvabhāvaṁ karma tasmānnotpadyate | yadi khalvevaṁ niḥsvabhāvatvātkarma notpadyate, tat kathameva muktaṁ bhagavatā -
na praṇaśyanyi karmāṇi kalpakoṭiśatairapi |
sāmagrīṁ prāpya kālaṁ ca phalanti khalu dehinām ||iti ?
ucyate -
yasmācca tadanutpannaṁ na tasmādvipraṇaśyati ||21||
ityevaṁ bhagavato'bhiprāya iti | ato nāyamasmākaṁ bādhako vidhiriti |21||
avaśyaṁ caitadevaṁ vijñeyam- niḥsvabhāvaṁ karmeti | anyathā hi -
karma svabhāvataścetsyācchāśvataṁ syādasaṁśayam |
akṛtaṁ ca bhavetkarma kriyate na hi śāśvatam ||22||
yadi hi karma svabhāvataḥ syāt, muktasaṁśayaṁ tacchāśvataṁ syāt, svabhāvasyānyathābhāvābhāvāt | tataśca akṛtameva karma bhavet | kartuḥ svatantrasya kriyayā yadīpsitatamaṁ tatkarma | etacca na yujyate | kiṁ kāraṇam ? yasmāt kriyate na hi śāśvatam | śāśvataṁ hi nāma tad yadvidyamānasattākam | yacca vidyamānaṁ tasya karaṇānupapatteḥ tannaiva kāraṇamapekṣata iti ||22||
śubhāśubhe karmaṇi akṛta eva sakalasya lokasya vipāko yasmāt, tataśca -
akṛtābhyāgamabhayaṁ syātkarmākṛtakaṁ yadi |
abrahmacaryavāsaśca doṣastatra prasajyate ||23||
yadi hi akṛtaṁ karma bhavet, tadā akṛtābhyāgamabhayaṁ syāt | yenāpi hi prāṇātipātā, dikaṁ na kṛtam, tasyāpi akṛtamapi sat tat karma astyeveti tenāpyasya saṁbandhādakṛtābhyāgamabhayaṁ syāt | abrahmacaryavāsaśca tatra pakṣe prāpnoti | kiṁ kāraṇam? pariśuddhabrahmacaryavāsānna kasyacinnirvāṇena bhavitavyaṁ syāt ||23||
kiṁ cātaḥ?
vyavahārā virudhyante sarva eva na saṁśayaḥ |
puṇyapāpakṛtornaiva pravibhāgaśca yujyate ||24||
ye hi ete kṛṣivāṇijyagorakṣādayaḥ kriyārambhāḥ phalārthamārabhyante, teṣāṁ sarveṣāmakṛtānāmeva vidyamānatvāt prārambhavaiyarthyaṁ syāt | ghaṭaṁ kuru, paṭaṁ kuru, ityevamādayaśca sarva eva laukikavyavahārā virudhyante, ghaṭādīnāṁ sarveṣāmeva vidyamānatvāt | puṇyakṛdayam, pāpakṛdayam, iti ca pravibhāgo na prāpnoti, ubhayorapi puṇyapāpakṛtoḥ akṛtayorapi puṇyapāpayoḥ pratyekaṁ vidyamānatvāt || 24||
kiṁ ca -
tadvipakkavipākaṁ ca punareva vipakṣyati |
karma vyavasthitaṁ yasmāttasmātsvābhāvikaṁ yadi ||25||
vipakkavipākasyāpi karmaṇaḥ punarvipākadānamāpadyate svarūpādapracyutatvāt, avipakka vipākāvasthāyāmiva | tadevaṁ yadi karma svābhāvikamiti manyase, yasmāt tatkarma vyavasthitamasti tasmānniḥsaṁśayaṁ yathopavarṇitā doṣāḥ prāpnuvanti sasvabhāvatve | tasmānniḥsvabhāvaṁ karma, yataśca niḥsvabhāvaṁ karma, tasmācchāśvatocchedadarśanaprasaṅgo naivāsmākamevaṁ vyācakṣamāṇānāmāpadyate iti ||25||
atrāha - vidyata eva svabhāvataḥ karma, tatkāraṇasadbhāvāt | iha yannāsti, na tasya kāraṇamasti [kūrma] romakūpaprāvārasyeva | asti ca karmaṇaḥ kāraṇaṁ kleśāḥ | avidyāpratyayāḥ saṁskārāḥ, upādānapratyayo bhavaḥ, iti vacanāt | tasmādvidyata eva karma svabhāvataḥ iti | ucyate | ayuktameva | kiṁ kāraṇam? yasmāt -
karma kleśātmakaṁ cedaṁ te ca kleśā na tattvataḥ |
na cette tattvataḥ kleśāḥ karma syāttattvataḥ katham ||26||
ihedaṁ karma kleśātmakaṁ kleśahetukam | te ca kleśāstattvato na santi | vakṣyati hi-
śubhāśubhaviparyāsān saṁbhavanti pratītya ye |
te svabhāvānna vidyante tasmātkleśā na tattvataḥ ||iti |
tadevaṁ tāvat na tattvataḥ kleśāḥ, taddhetukaṁ karma tadānīṁ kutastattvato bhaviṣyati ? tasmānnāsti karma svabhāvataḥ ||26||
atrāha - vidyanta eva kleśā karmāṇi ca, tatkāryasadbhāvāt | iha hi kleśakarmaṇāṁ dehākhyaṁ kāryamupalabhyate | yasya ca kāryamupalabhyate tadasti, avidyamānasya khapuṣpādeḥ kāryādarśanāt iti | ucyate | syuḥ kleśāḥ karmāṇi ca, yadi tatkāryaṁ dehā vidyeran | na tu vidyante ityāha -
karma kleśāśca dehānāṁ pratyayāḥ samudāhṛtāḥ |
karma kleśāśca te śūnyā yadi deheṣu kā kathā ||27||
yathā karma kleśāśca śūnyāḥ, tathā pratipāditam | tataśca karma kleśā yadā na santi, tadā tatkāryāṇāṁ dehānāmasattve kā kathā bhaviṣyati? nāstitvaṁ teṣāṁ pūrvameva siddhaṁ yasmāt, tasmānnānna kaścidvaktavyaviśeṣo'stītyabhiprāyaḥ ||27||
atrāha - vidyata eva svabhāvataḥ karma , tatphalabhoktṛsadbhāvāt | yannāsti, na tasya phalopabhoktāsti, tadyathā gaganacūtaphalasyeti | asti ca karmaṇaḥ phalopabhoktā -
avidyānivṛto jantustṛṣṇāsaṁyojanaśca saḥ |
sa bhoktā sa ca na karturanyo na ca sa eva saḥ ||28||
tatra avidyā ajñānaṁ tamaḥ saṁmoha iti paryāyāḥ | avidyayā nivṛtaśchāditaḥ | pāñcagatika saṁsāre punaḥ punarjāyata iti jantuḥ | sattvaḥ pudgalaḥ prāṇīti tasyaiva paryāyāḥ | tṛṣṇā rāgaḥ saktirvisaktiśceti paryāyāḥ | saṁyojanaṁ bandhanam | tṛṣṇā saṁyojanamasyeti tṛṣṇāsaṁyojanaḥ tṛṣṇābandhana ityarthaḥ | yathoktaṁ sūtre - avidyānivṛtāḥ sattvāstṛṣṇāsaṁyojanāḥ iti | atha ca punaridaṁ pāpaṁ karma svayameva kṛtam, asya svayameva vipākaḥ pratyanubhavitavyaḥ iti vacanāt | sa ca bhoktā karmaphalasya | sa ca na karturanyaḥ, na ca sa eva saḥ | tattvānyatvāvācyatvāt | tasmāt phalopabhoktṛsadbhāvādastyeva karmeti ||28||
atrocyate - syātkarmaṇaḥ kartā karmaphalasya copabhoktā yadi karmaiva syāt | na tvasti | kathaṁ kṛtvā?
na pratyayasamutpannaṁ nāpratyayasamutthitam |
asti yasmādidaṁ karma tasmātkartāpi nāstyataḥ ||29||
karma cennāsti kartā ca kutaḥ syātkarmajaṁ phalam |
asatyatha phale bhoktā kuta eva bhaviṣyati ||30||
yadi karma nāma kiṁcitsyāt, tat pratyayasamutpannaṁ vā bhavet, apratyayasamutpannaṁ vā? yadi tāvat pratyayasamutpannamiṣyate, tanna yuktam, pratyayaparīkṣāyāmuktadoṣatvāt | atha apratyayajanitaṁ nirhetukam, tadapi - hetāvasati kāryaṁ ca kāraṇaṁ ca ityādinā karmakārakaparīkṣāyāṁ vistareṇa pratipāditam | yataścaivaṁ pratyayasamutpannaṁ vā apratyayasamutpannaṁ vā karmedaṁ na saṁbhavati, tasmādasya karmaṇaḥ kartāpi na saṁbhavati | yadā caivaṁ karma ca kartā ca nāsti, tadā nirhetukaṁ karmajaṁ phalaṁ kuto bhaviṣyatīti, asati ca phale kuta eva phalabhoktā bhaviṣyatīti, sarvametat svabhāvato'saṁvidyamānameveti vijñeyam ||
atrāha - yadi evaṁ naiḥsvābhāvyaṁ bhāvānāṁ vyavasthāpitaṁ bhavati, yattarhi etaduktaṁ bhagavatā -svayaṁ kṛtasya karmaṇaḥ svayameva vipākaḥ pratyanubhavitavyaḥ iti, tadetat sarvamamunā nyāyena apākṛtaṁ bhavati | karmaphalāpavādācca pradhānanāstiko bhavāniti | ucyate | na vayaṁ nāstikāḥ | astitvanāstitvadvayavādanirāsena tu vayaṁ nirvāṇapuragāminamadvayapathaṁ vidyotayāmaḥ | na ca karmakartṛphalādikaṁ nāstīti brūma, kiṁ tarhi niḥsvabhāvametaditi vyavasthāpayāmaḥ | atha manyase - niḥsvabhāvānāṁ bhāvānāṁ vyāpārakaraṇānupapatteḥ tadavastha eva doṣa iti, etadapi nāsti | sasvabhāvānāmeva vyāpārādarśanāt | niḥsvabhāvānāmeva vyāpāradarśanāt | tathāhi niḥsvabhāvā eva santo ghaṭādayaḥ loke svakāryakṛt upalabhyante ||30||
api ca | amuṣmād dṛṣṭāntāt spaṣṭatarādayamartho'vasīyatām -
yathā nirmitakaṁ śāstā nirmimītarddhisaṁpadā |
nirmito nirmimītānyaṁ sa ca nirmitakaḥ punaḥ ||31||
tadyathā - ekaṁ nirmitakaṁ śāstā buddho bhagavān ṛddhisaṁpadā ṛddhiprabhāveṇa nirmimīta, sa cāpi nirmitakaḥ punaḥ yo'yaṁ buddhena bhagavatā nirmitaḥ, sa punarbhūyo'nyamaparaṁ nirmitakaṁ nirmimīta | tatra ya eṣa nirmitakaḥ aparasya nirmitakasya nirmātā, sa śūnyaḥ niḥsvabhāvaḥ, tathāgatasvabhāvarahita ityarthaḥ | yaścāyamaparo nirmitakaḥ, yonirmitakena nirmitaḥ, asāvapi śūnyo nisvabhāvaḥ, tathāgatasvabhāvarahita ityarthaḥ | yathātra niḥsvabhāvānāṁ nisvabhāvakāryakṛttvaṁ karmakartṛvyapadeśaśca bhavati,
tathā nirmitakākāraḥ kartā karma ca tatkṛtam |
tadyathā nirmitenānyo nirmito nirmitastathā ||32||
yo hyatra karmaṇaḥ kartā sa nirmitakākāraḥ svabhāvaśūnyaḥ | tena ca svabhāvaśūnyena svatantrakartrā yat kiṁcit karma kriyate, tadapi svabhāvaśūnyam | tadyathā nirmitakena anyo nirmitako nirmitaḥ tathā veditavyam | yathoktamāgame -
ekasya bhāṣamāṇasya sarve bhāṣanti nirmitāḥ |
ekasya tūṣṇīṁbhūtasya sarve tūṣṇīṁbhavanti hi ||
tasmādadvayavādināṁ mādhyamikānāṁ kuto mithyādarśanam? uktaṁ ca āryasamādhirāje -
yada sugatu kathāṁ katheti nātho
vīthigatān manujān kṛpāyamānaḥ |
nirmita jinu tatra nirminitva
vicarati teṣu praṇītabuddhadharmān ||
prāṇiśatasahasra taṁ śruṇitvā
praṇidadhayiṁsu varāgrabuddhajñāne |
kada vaya labhi jñānamevarūpaṁ
āśaya jñātva jino'sya vyākaroti ||
raśmi śatasahasra aprameyān
avasiri pādatalehi dharmarājā |
sarvi niraya śītalā bhavanti
dukhamapanīya sukhaṁ ca vedayanti ||
dharma daśabalaprabhāṣite'tra
marumanujāna viśuddha bhoti cakṣuḥ |
ityādi |
keci spṛha janenti tatra kāle
parama acintya tehi labdhalābhā |
yehi jinu nimantrito narendro
na ca pariyanta teṣu dakṣiṇāyā ||
ityādi vistaraḥ ||
tathā āryavimalakīrtinirdeśe -
tannirmitabodhisattvena gandhasugandhāyāṁ lokadhātau samantabhadratathāgatopabhuktaśeṣaṁ bhojanamānītaṁ nānāvyañjanakhādyādisaṁprayuktaṁ pṛthakpṛthagvividharasamekabhojanena sarvaṁ tacchrāvakabodhisattvasaṁgharājarājāmātyapurohitāntaḥ puradauvārikasārthavāhādijanapadaṁ saṁtarpya prītyākāraṁ nāma mahāsamādhiṁ lambhayāmāsa | iti ||
vinaye ca paṭhayate -
pāpabhikṣurapratirūpako bhagavatā bhikṣurabhinirmitaḥ | tadvacanena śīlavato'pi viśuddhipratijñāsaṁvāsaḥ prajñaptaḥ iti ||32||
na ca kevalaṁ nirmāṇadṛṣṭāntena naiḥsvabhāvyadarśanamupapadyamānarūpam, api ca amībhyo dṛṣṭāntebhyaḥ sphuṭaṁ naiḥsvabhāvyaṁ bhāvānāṁ pratīyatāmiti pratipādayannāha -
kleśāḥ karmāṇi dehāśca kartāraśca phalāni ca |
gandharvanagarākārā marīcisvapnasaṁnibhāḥ ||33||
tatra kleśā rāgādayaḥ, kliśnanti sattvacittasaṁtānānīti kṛtvā | karmāṇi kuśalākuśalāneñjyāni | dehāḥ śarīrāṇi | kartāraḥ ātmānaḥ | phalāni vipākādhipatyaniṣyandādīni | ta ete kleśādayo'rthāḥ gandharvanagarādivanniḥsvabhāvāḥ veditavyāḥ | tasmānmādhyamikānāmeva bhāvānāṁ svabhāvānabhyupagamācchāśvatocchedadarśanadvayaprasaṅgo nāstīti vijñeyam ||
atra ca karmaphalasaṁbandhavicāre kucodyaśeṣākṣepaparihāro madhyamakāvatārādvistareṇāvaseyaḥ ||
yathoktamāryaratnakūṭasūtre -
pañca ca bhikṣuśatāni dhyānalābhīni utthāyāsanebhyaḥ prakrāntāni imāṁ gambhīrāṁ dharmadeśanā manavabudhyamānāni anavataranti anavagāhamānāni anadhimucyamānāni | bhagavānāha - tathā hyete kāśyapa bhikṣavaḥ ābhimānikāḥ imāmanāsravāṁ śīlaviśuddhiṁ nāvataranti nāvagāhante nādhimucyante uttrasyanti saṁtrasyanti saṁtrāsamāpadyante | gambhīraḥ kāśyapa gāthābhinirhāro gambhīrā ca buddhānāṁ bhagavatāṁ bodhiḥ | sā na śakyā anavaropitakuśalamūlaiḥ sattvaiḥ pāpamitraparigṛhītairanadhimuktibahulairadhimoktum | api ca | etāni kāśyapa pañca bhikṣuśatāni kāśyapasya tathāgatasya pravacane'nyatīrthikaśrāvakā abhūvan | taireva tasya kāśyapasya tathāgatasyāntikādupālambhābhiprāyaireṣā dharmadeśanā śrutā | śrutvā ca ekacittaprasādo labdhaḥ | evaṁtairvāg bhāṣitā - āścaryaṁ yāvat madhurapriyamāṇī kāśyapastathāgato'rhan samyaksaṁbuddha iti | ta etenaikacittaprasādena pratilabdhena kālagatāḥ trāyastriṁśeṣu deveṣūpapannāḥ | te tataścyutāḥ samānāḥ ihopapannāḥ | tenaiva ca hetunā iha mama śāsane pravrajitāḥ | tānyetāni kāśyapa pañca bhikṣuśatāni dṛṣṭipraskandhāni imāṁ gambhīrāṁ dharmadeśanāṁ nāvataranti nāvagāhante nādhimucyante uttrasyanti saṁtrasyanti saṁtrāsamāpadyante kṛtaṁ punareṣāmanayā dharmadeśanayā parikarma | na bhūyo durgativinipātaṁ gamiṣyanti | ebhireva ca skandhaiḥ parinirvāsyanti ||
atha khalu bhagavānāyuṣmantaṁ subhūtimāmantrayate sma - gaccha subhūte, etān bhikṣūn saṁjñapatha | subhūtirāha - bhagavata eva tāvadete bhāṣitaṁ vilomayanti, kaḥ punarvādo mama? atha bhagavāṁstasyāṁ velāyāṁ yena mārgeṇaite bhikṣāvo gacchanti sma, tasmin mārge drau bhikṣū nirmimīte sma | atha tāni pañca bhikṣuśatāni yena mārgeṇa tau dvau bhikṣū nirmitakau tenopasaṁkrāmanti sma | upasaṁkramya etadavocan - kutra āyuṣmantau gamiṣyathaḥ? tāvavocatām - gamiṣyāva āvāmaraṇyāyataneṣu | tatra dhyānasukhasaṁsparśa- vihārairvihariṣyāvaḥ || tānyapi pañca bhikṣuśatānyetadavocan - vayamapyāyuṣmantau bhagavato dharmadeśanāṁ nāvatarāmo nāvagāhāmahe nādhimucyāmahe uttrasyāmaḥ saṁtrasyāmaḥ saṁtrāsamāpadyāmahe | tena vayamaraṇyāyataneṣu dhyānasukhasaṁsparśavihārairvihariṣyāma iti | nirmitakāvavocatām - tena hi āyuṣmantaḥ saṁgāsyāmo na vivadiṣyāmaḥ | avivādaparamo hi śramaṇadharmaḥ | yadidamāyuṣmanta ucyate parinirvāṇamiti, katamaḥ sa dharmo yaḥ parinirvāsyati? kaścitpunaratra kāyaḥ ātmā vā sattvo vā jīvo vā janturvā poṣo vā puruṣo vā pudgalo vā manujo vā mānavo va, yaḥ parinirvāsyati? kasya vā kṣayāt parinirvāṇam? te'vocan rāgadveṣamohakṣayāt parinirvāṇam | nirmitakāvavocatām - kiṁ punarāyuṣmatāṁ saṁvidyante rāgadveṣamohā yān kṣayiṣyatha? te'vocan - na te adhyātmaṁ na bahirdhā nobhayamantareṇopalabhyante, nāpi te aparikalpitā utpadyante |
ityācāryacandrakīrtipādoparacitāyāṁ prasannapadāyāṁ madhyamakavṛttau
karmaphalaparīkṣā nāma saptadaśamaṁ prakaraṇam ||
Links:
[1] http://dsbc.uwest.edu/node/6102